Acute lung injury (ALI) is a devastating syndrome (usually associated with sepsis) that represents a major healthcare burden in the United States. We have focused our studies on unraveling the genetic underpinnings of this syndrome utilizing a candidate gene approach to identify novel genes for ALI susceptibility. Two novel genes identified by this approach include pre-B cell colony-enhancing f...

Su X, Looney MR, Gupta N, Matthay MA. Receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is an indicator of direct lung injury in models of experimental lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 297: L1–L5, 2009. First published May 1, 2009; doi:10.1152/ajplung.90546.2008.—Receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is a marker of alveolar type I cells and is elevated in the pulm...

BACKGROUND Differential diagnosis between acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (APE) and acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) may often be difficult. We evaluated the ability of chest sonography in the identification of characteristic pleuropulmonary signs useful in the diagnosis of ALI/ARDS and APE. METHODS Chest sonography was performed on admission to the intensive...

Acute lung injury (ALI) during hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is associated with substantial morbidity; however, the frequency of ALI in HSCT patients is poorly characterized. Platelets are postulated to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ALI. Using a transfusion trial of pathogen inactivated platelet components (PC-Test) compared with conventional PC (Reference) populated w...

BACKGROUND Few emergency department (ED) evaluations on acute lung injury (ALI) have been carried out; hence, we sought to describe a cohort of hospitalized ED patients at risk for ALI development. METHODS Patients presenting to the ED with at least one predisposing condition to ALI were included in this study, a subgroup analysis of a multicenter observational cohort study (USCIITG-LIPS 1). ...

BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB, CPB-ALI) is a common and serious complication after cardiac surgery. And infants and young children are more prone to CPB-ALI. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perioperative changes of plasma gelsolin (pGSN) in patients below 3 years of age with cardiac surgeries and CPB, and determine whether pGSN are as...

Early recognition of patients at high risk of acute lung injury (ALI) is critical for successful enrollment of patients in prevention strategies for this devastating syndrome. We aimed to develop and prospectively validate an ALI prediction score in a population-based sample of patients at risk. In a retrospective derivation cohort, predisposing conditions for ALI were identified at the time of...

1 Editorial: Dentin Leo Tjäderhane 3 Dentin basic structure and composition—an overview Leo Tjäderhane, Marcela R. Carrilho, Lorenzo Breschi, Franklin R. Tay & David H. Pashley 30 Microstructure and mechanical behavior of radicular and coronal dentin Dwayne Arola, Juliana Ivancik, Hessam Majd, Ashraf Fouad, Devendra Bajaj, Xiu-Yin Zhang & Naomi Eidelman 52 The dentin–pulp border: a dynamic inte...

Shimaa S. Elnahriry, Hazim O. Khalifa, Ahmed M. Soliman, Ashraf M. Ahmed, Alaaddin M. Hussein, Toshi Shimamoto, Tadashi Shimamoto Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt; Depart...