Wind turbines represent a source of hazard for bats, especially through collision with rotor blades. With increasing technical development, tall turbines (rotor-swept zone 50-150 m above ground level) are becoming widespread, yet we lack quantitative information about species active at these heights, which impedes proposing targeted mitigation recommendations for bat-friendly turbine operation....

This paper is concerned with lightning surge propagation on wind turbines. As wind power generation undergoes rapid growth, lightning incidents involving wind turbines have come to be regarded as a serious problem. Nevertheless, no known studies exist yet in Portugal regarding lightning protection of wind turbines. Hence, we present a case study, based on a wind turbine with an interconnecting ...

In a wind farm, the upstream wind turbine may cause power loss to the downstream wind turbines due to the wake effect. Meanwhile, the energy production is determined by the power generation and the lifetime of the wind turbine. In this paper, an optimal active power control method is proposed to maximize the energy production of wind farms by considering the wake effect and the lifetime of wind...

Scarcity of fossil fuels and a rapid escalation in the fuel prices around the world recently has lead the search for alternative energy sources. Out of the available energy sources, wind is being considered as the prime next generation energy source. The fundamental principle of wind turbines is to convert the wind energy into first mechanical and then into electrical form. The relatively simpl...

This paper presents a two loop optimal control structure for variable speed fixed pitch horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) having flexible drive trains. That structure, formed by a low frequency loop and a high frequency loop, is the result of the frequency separation principle adopted in the wind modelling. The optimality of the whole system is expressed by the trade-off between the energy c...

The paper constitutes an application of Active Noise Control (ANC) on noise from wind turbine blades and rotors. This study aims at considering the potential of using ANC on wind turbines. To this end, a review was carried out on infrasound and low frequency noise emanating from wind turbines. The basis of human interaction with low frequency noise from wind turbines and its effects are studied...

Worldwide, many countries aim at countering global climate change by promoting renewable energy. Yet, recent studies highlight that so-called green energy, such as wind energy, may come at environmental costs, for example when wind turbines kill birds and bats. Using miniaturized GPS loggers, we studied how an open-space foraging bat with high collision risk with wind turbines, the common noctu...

A data-driven approach for development of a virtual wind-speed sensor for wind turbines is presented. The virtual wind-speed sensor is built from historical wind-farm data by data-mining algorithms. Four different data-mining algorithms are used to develop models using wind-speed data collected by anemometers of various wind turbines on a wind farm. The computational results produced by differe...