A competitive (2+1)-dimensional model of deposit formation, based on the combination of random sequential absorption deposition (RSAD), ballistic deposition (BD) and random deposition (RD) models, is proposed. This model was named as RSAD1−s(RDfBD1−f )s. It allows to consider different cases of interparticle interactions from complete repulsion between near-neighbors in the RSAD model (s = 0) t...

Human population growth and development have heavily degraded coastal ecosystems with cascading impacts across multiple trophic levels. Understanding both the direct and indirect trophic effects of human activities is important for coastal conservation. In New England, recreational overfishing has triggered a regional trophic cascade. Predator depletion releases the herbivorous purple marsh cra...

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau...

Bile duct stenosis, in most cases, appears to be the consequence of pancreatic head, ampulla of Vater and bile duct tumours, cholangitis sclerosans, as well as iatrogenic damages, which may all be diagnosed during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In very rare cases the restriction may result from an atypically shaped wedged stone. This situation creates many diagnostic pro...

Informal lending and savings institutions exist around the world, and often include regular door-to-door deposit collection of cash. Some banks have adopted similar services in order to expand access to banking services in areas that lack physical branches. Using a randomized control trial, we investigate determinants of participation in a deposit collection service and evaluate the impact of o...

Bird dropping in terminology of stone deterioration pattern is a sub branch of deposit decay, means accumulation of exogenic materials, on stone surface, dropping has a main role in deterioration of buildings and stone monuments. Birds not only to build the nests and noisy cause to bother, but also due to transfer of variety disease into human, especially when it drops any place and then this d...

Bird dropping in terminology of stone deterioration pattern is a sub branch of deposit decay, means accumulation of exogenic materials, on stone surface, dropping has a main role in deterioration of buildings and stone monuments. Birds not only to build the nests and noisy cause to bother, but also due to transfer of variety disease into human, especially when it drops any place and then this d...