Recent surge in the development of superhydrophobic/superoleophobic surfaces has been motivated by surfaces like fish scales that have hierarchical structures, which are believed to promote water or oil repellency. In this work, we show that the under-water oil repellency of fish scales is entirely due to the mucus layer formation as part of its defense mechanism, which produces unprecedented c...

Problem solving is an analog to scientific method, wherein abduction and deduction operate in a cyclic fashion to generate and refine a series of hypotheses that purport to explain the observed data. Model Generative Reasoning implements this cycle through a family of operations on representations based on conceptual graphs. Specialize, the operator that implements abduction generates alternati...

The aim of this paper is to describe the ADAPtER system, a diagnostic architecture combining case-based reasoning with abductive reasoning and exploiting the adaptation of the solution of old episodes, in order to focus the reasoning process. Domain knowledge is represented via a logical model and basic mechanisms, based on abductive reasoning with consistency constraints, have been deened for ...

This study explored the relationships between athletes' competence self-perceptions and metaperceptions. Two hundred and fifty one student-athletes (14.26 ± 1.89 years), members of twenty different teams (basketball, soccer) completed a questionnaire which included the Perception of Success Questionnaire, the Competence subscale of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, and modified versions of bo...

The paper investigates different approaches of transcendence in the sense of spiritual experience as predictors for general psychological resilience. This issue is based on the theoretical assumption that resilience does play a role for physical health. Furthermore, there is a lack of empirical evidence about the extent to which spirituality does play a role for resilience. As potential predict...

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The problem of transmission of human leprosy to laboratory animals remains unsolved, and presents a serious barrier to the study of the disease. Very many attempts have been made without success to produce the infection in animals, usually without but sometimes with attempts to suppress their defence forces. In approaching this problem it seemed to be logical to undertake to lower the native re...

On one hand, multiple object detection approaches of Hough transform (HT) type and randomized HT type have been extended into an evidence accumulation featured general framework for problem solving, with five key mechanisms elaborated and several extensions of HT and RHT presented. On the other hand, another framework is proposed to integrate typical multi-learner based approaches for problem s...

The use of predefined models of problem-solving methods is receiving considerable attention from researchers in the area of knowledge acquisition. Using these models, developers of knowledge-acquisition tools are able to prescribe the roles in which knowledge is used in completing a given task. A number of method-oriented architectures based on a single problem-solving method have been develope...

Disassembly sequence planning (DSP) is a key approach for optimizing various industrial equipment-maintenance processes. Finding fast and effective DSP solutions plays an important role in improving maintenance efficiency quality. However, when disassembling equipment, there are many uncertainties that can have detrimental impact on the disassembly subsequent work. Therefore, this paper propose...