1997). Ferguson et al. (2002) found reduction in soil nitrate concentration due to variable rate fertilizer N High levels of residual soil NO3–N can contaminate ground water application in only 3 out of 12 site-years as compared by leaching through the soil. Our objective was to reduce the level and spatial variability of residual soil NO3–N while maintaining optiwith uniform N application. Mac...

ion of manufacturing constraints into a set geometric of constraints or design rules for the layout designers to follow have traditionally been foundry’s main method to ensure high probability of correct fabrication of integrated circuits. Typical design rules are constraints on width, spacing or pattern density. Origins of design rules lie various manufacturing steps such as lithography, etch,...

the modeling can provide a quantitative approach and consistency in the estimationsoil erosion and sediment yield by a wide range of conditions. in this study, the integration method of revised universal soil loss equation model, geographic information system and remote sensing techniques were used in order to identify the spatial distribution of soil erosion and sediment yield in the talar wat...

Accurate characterization of spatial variation is essential for statistical performance analysis and modeling, post-silicon tuning, and yield analysis. Existing approaches for spatial modeling either assume that: (i) non-stationarities exist due to a smoothly varying trend component or that (ii) the process is stationary within regions associated with a predefined grid. While such assumptions m...

The overapplication of nitrogen to wheat reduces profits and has adverse environmental consequences. Machine learning techniques are employed identify the factors that hold most potential in improving recommendations. database used our analysis consisted a formula fertilization project, second soil census China, cultivated land fertility evaluation. results showed yield response was mainly conc...

Maize is one of the major crops in China and its yield potential has been changedsignificantly by climate change induction during last five decades. The national policy of maizeproduction sufficiency emphasizes the necessity for a more accurate estimation of yieldpotential of maize at a national level. In this paper yield potential of maize was calculated usingthe Global Agro-Ecological Zones (...

Spatial information on vineyard soil properties can be useful in precision viticulture. In this paper a combination of high resolution soil spatial information of soil electrical resistivity (ER) and ancillary topographic attributes, such as elevation and slope, were integrated to assess the spatial variability patterns of vegetative growth and yield of a commercial vineyard (Vitis vinifera L. ...

The rheology of dense granular flows is studied numerically in a shear cell controlled at constant pressure and shear stress, confined between two granular shear flows. We show that a liquid state can be achieved even far below the yield stress, whose flow can be described with the same rheology as above the yield stress. A nonlocal constitutive relation is derived from dimensional analysis thr...