Escalating antibiotic resistance is a “multinational public health crisis.” As children are heavy consumers of antibiotics and serve as community reservoirs of resistant organisms, promoting judicious pediatric antibiotic use can have high impact. Decreasing prescribing rates over the past decade have recently plateaued; young children still receive, on average, .1 antibiotic prescription per y...

here, we report on a ten-year-old girl with chronic draining nonhealing ulcer in her neck and unilateral cervical chronic lymphadenopathy. her ulcer had poor clinical response to broad spectrum antibiotics and anti-tuberculosis treatment. she had undergone several wound biopsies with no conclusive results. she was otherwise healthy with no known underlying disease. final wound excisional biopsy...

IMPORTANCE Obesity in children and adults is associated with significant health burdens, making prevention a public health imperative. Infancy may be a critical period when environmental factors exert a lasting effect on the risk for obesity; identifying modifiable factors may help to reduce this risk. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of antibiotics prescribed in infancy (ages 0-23 months) on o...

BACKGROUND There is considerable variation within and between countries in general medical practitioners' (GPs') prescribing of broad-spectrum antibiotics such as fluroquinolones, and resistance to these agents is increasing worldwide. Urgently promoting cautious fluroquinolone prescribing in primary care may limit increase in resistance. OBJECTIVE We therefore interviewed 40 GPs in order to ...

In this study, 769 children (age 2-71 mo) enrolled in the Randomized Intervention for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux (RIVUR) or Careful Urinary Tract Infection Evaluation (CUTIE) studies were included to determine the risk factors of having pathogens resistant to narrow spectrum antimicrobials in urinary tract infection (UTI). The authors used logistic regression models to test the associa...

OBJECTIVE To determine which children with urinary tract infection are likely to have pathogens resistant to narrow-spectrum antimicrobials. STUDY DESIGN Children, 2-71 months of age (n = 769) enrolled in the Randomized Intervention for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux or Careful Urinary Tract Infection Evaluation studies were included. We used logistic regression models to test the associ...

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disorder with an estimated prevalence of 9% to 22% in the United States. It is responsible for 28% of gastroenterology visits, with associated health care costs of $8 billion annually. Yet, IBS etiology is the subject of much debate. OBJECTIVES Our study examines a possible relationship between IBS and exposure to broad-spectrum ...

Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen responsible for health-care-associated infections as well as community acquired ones. It is the etiological factor of a wide spectrum of infections. Therapeutic problems are caused by resistance of S. aureus to many antibiotics, specifically to methicillin (methicillin-resistant S. aureus, MRSA). In such cases a limited spectrum of antibiotics may be u...

Neglect of odontogenic infections can have serious consequences. If they spread through fascial planes and intracranially they can cause an abscess, orbital cellulitis, and eventually cavernous sinus thrombosis. The authors report a case of rapid progressive bilateral orbital cellulitis and cavernous sinus thrombosis that originated from dental caries. Septic cavernous sinus thrombosis is a med...