Molecular devices are reported utilizing active self-assembled monolayers containing the nitroamine @28-amino-4,48-di~ethynylphenyl!-58-nitro-1-benzenethiolate# or the nitro compound @4,48-di~ethynylphenyl!-28-nitro-1-benzenethiolate# as the active components. Both of these compounds have active redox centers. Current–voltage measurements of the devices exhibited negative differential resistanc...

In analogy to 4-b-substituted benzoyl)-N-methylpyridinium cations (1 -X's), the title species (2-X's, -X = -0CH3, -CH3, -H, -Br, -COCH3, -N02) undergo two reversible, well-separated (E1122650 mV) one-electron reductions. The effect of substitution on the reduction potentials of 2-X's is much weaker than the effect of the same substituents on 1-X's: the Hammett p-values are 0.80 and 0.93 for the...

The vessel speed reduction program (VSRP) was first introduced in the Port of Los Angeles 2001 to improve air quality. In this study, an algorithm developed calculate ship emissions with a bottom-up approach based on activity using automatic identification system (AIS) data. target applied emission calculation participating Korea’s VSRP. Factors considered for were type, speed, gross tonnage, e...

Real-time detection of multiple stance events, more specifically initial contact (IC), foot flat (FF), heel off (HO), and toe off (TO), could greatly benefit neurorobotic (NR) and neuroprosthetic (NP) control. Three real-time threshold-based algorithms have been developed, detecting the aforementioned events based on kinematic data in combination with a biomechanical model. Data from seven subj...