Toxoplasmosis is caused by a coccidian parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. The parasite is highly prevalent both in humans and in warm-blooded animals. Cat family animals are definitive host, and these animals excrete the infective oocysts in their feces. Humans, though not definitive host, get infection by consuming water or food contaminated with cat feces. Rarely, infection can also take place thro...

The present investigation deals with the optimization, formulation, and characterization of oral in situ gel of spiramycin. Sodium alginate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose were used as cross-linking and viscosifying agents, respectively. Sodium bicarbonate was used as a floating agent. In preformulation studies, the melting point, pH, and partition coefficient were found to be 133 °C, 9.5, an...

Serological immune profile in cases of Toxoplasma infection is heterogeneous, and responses may be delayed or fail to be represented: this makes it an unreliable method for diagnosis and/or treatment follow-up. Therefore, the present study relied on a sensitive and specific molecular procedure (nested polymerase chain reaction, PCR), using the whole blood sample to establish the diagnosis of ac...

To date, most nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based 3-D structure determinations of both small molecules and biopolymers utilize the Overhauser effect (NOE) via NOESY spectra. The acquisition high-quality spectra is a prerequisite for quantitative analysis providing accurate interatomic distances. As NOE build-ups time-consuming, acceleration process by use non-uniform sampling (NUS) may seem ...

The effect of demycarosylturimycin H on bacterial growth, polypeptide synthesis and peptidyltransferase was studied. The effects are compared with those of intact turimycins acylated or deacylated in 4''-position of mycarose. The removal of the acyl group in 4''-position of mycarose leads to a total loss of inhibition of acceptor substrate binding while the removal of acyl mycarose moiety chang...

The goal of this study was to compare the effects kumquat extract and its chitosan nanoparticles on biochemical, histopathological, parasitological factors in mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii versus spiramycin control groups. A total 35 mice, 7 which were negative 28 group, used current study. All sacrificed at 45 day after inoculation. Blood samples collected. Then, sera Malondialdehyde (M...