Let act on a countable set V with only nitely many orbits Given a invariant random environment for a Markov chain on V and a random scenery we exhibit under certain conditions an equivalent stationary measure for the environment and scenery from the viewpoint of the random walker Such theorems have been very useful in investigations of percolation on quasi transitive graphs

Genetic algorithms (GAs) that solve hard problems quickly, reliably and accurately are called competent GAs. When the fitness landscape of a problem changes overtime, the problem is called non–stationary, dynamic or time–variant problem. This paper investigates the use of competent GAs for optimizing non–stationary optimization problems. More specifically, we use an information theoretic approa...

An overview of Mobile Robotic Agents’ Motion Planning (RMP) and Trajectory Planning Problem (TPP) in Dynamic Environment is presented. We have focused on the area of mobile robots, in an environment in which obstacles may change their location in space-time and henceforth it does not cover the same for environment comprising only non-moving, stationary obstacles. Comparative graphs and charts, ...

Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium that resides in an acidified phagolysosome and has a remarkable ability to persist in the extracellular environment. C. burnetii has evolved a developmental cycle that includes at least two morphologic forms, designated large cell variants (LCV) and small cell variants (SCV). Based on differential protein expression, distinct ultrastructu...

H. pylori can survive under a nutrition-deficient environment. During infection and transmission, H. pylori is confronted with nutrient limitation and the bacterium requires rapid alteration in gene expression for survival under stress conditions. However, the mechanism underlining this regulation remains unknown. A previous study showed that σ(54) is an important regulation factor for H. pylor...

We propose a novel communication strategy inspired by explicit signaling mechanisms seen in vertebrates, in order to improve performance of self-organized flocking for a swarm of mobile robots. The communication strategy is used to make the robots match each other’s headings. The task of the robots is to coordinately move towards a common goal direction, which might stay fixed or change over ti...

Sensor networks are a sensing, computing and communication infrastructure that are able to observe and respond to phenomena in the natural environment and in our physical and cyber infrastructure. The sensors themselves can range from small passive microsensors to larger scale, controllable weather-sensing platforms. Presently, there are many research works for sensor networks. In our previous ...

The paper presents a comparative study of NLMS (Normalized Least Mean Square), NVSS (New Variable Step Size) LMS (Least Mean Square), RVSS (Robust Variable Step Size) LMS, TVLMS (Time Varying Least Mean Square) and IVSS (Improved Variable Step Size) LMS adaptive filter algorithms. Four performances criterion are utilized in this study: Minimum Mean Square Error (MSE), Convergence Speed, Algorit...

a random walk on a lattice is one of the most fundamental models in probability theory. when the random walk is inhomogenous and its inhomogeniety comes from an ergodic stationary process, the walk is called a random walk in a random environment (rwre). the basic questions such as the law of large numbers (lln), the central limit theorem (clt), and the large deviation principle (ldp) are no...