This paper considers the macroeconomic effects of allowing for nominal debt contracts in the context of a quantitative business cycle model with financial market frictions. In our setting, as in reality, corporations fund themselves by choosing the appropriate mix of nominal defaultable debt and equity securities to issue in every period. Corporate debt is priced fairly taking into account defa...

Denote by Sk the set of floors that can be reached from floor 32 in k, but not in k − 1, steps. Then, obviously, S0 = 32. Now we give description of the algorithm for computing Sk, for any k > 0, assuming that all S0, S1, . . . , Sk−1 have been computed. From the definition of Sk it follows that any element x of Sk was reached from at least one of x − 11, where x − 11 ∈ Sk−1 and x + 6, where x ...

Pineapple production in Costa Rica increased nearly 300-fold during the last 30 yr, and >40,000 hectares of land are currently dedicated to this crop. At the end of the pineapple cropping cycle, plants are chopped and residues incorporated into the soil in preparation for replanting. Associated with increased pineapple production has been a large increase in stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.)...

OBJECTIVE Purpose was to determine the effects of grazing system and floor type on concentrations of blood metabolites, activity of creatine kinase, body weight and carcass characteristics of castrated Nguni goats. METHODS Forty eight, 7 month old goats were randomly allocated to herding and tethering treatments from 0800 to 1300 hours and accommodated on slatted and earth floors daily. Blood...

Traders with speci c characteristics operating in a pairwise exchange market may prefer to meet other traders with similar (or complementary) characteristics, while other categories of traders may not have such preferences. The existence of the second type imposes a negative externality on the rst. Under conditions which are not very restrictive, establishing a trading oor designated for the fo...

Background: One of the most significant factors in the success of dental implant procedures, can be mentioned by the quality and quantity of jaw bone. The occurrence of some problems such as trauma, infection, pathological lesions and the long-term absence of teeth in patients, it causes irregularities in the jaw bone and can get bone resorption. Sever defects after trauma or tumor resection ne...