نتایج جستجو برای: stx2

تعداد نتایج: 1191  

2017
Xiao-Ping Li Nilgun E. Tumer

Both ricin and Shiga holotoxins display no ribosomal activity in their native forms and need to be activated to inhibit translation in a cell-free translation inhibition assay. This is because the ribosome binding site of the ricin A chain (RTA) is blocked by the B subunit in ricin holotoxin. However, it is not clear why Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) or Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) holotoxin is not active in a ...

2011
Tan Duc Nguyen Thin Thanh Vo Hung Vu-Khac

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and characteristics of pathogenic Escherichia (E.) coli strains from diarrheic calves in Vietnam. A total of 345 E. coli isolates obtained from 322 diarrheic calves were subjected to PCR and multiplex PCR for detection of the f5, f41, f17, eae, sta, lt, stx1, and stx2 genes. Of the 345 isolates, 108 (31.3%) carried at least one fimbrial gene....

2014
Patricia Llorente Laura Barnech Kinue Irino María Valeria Rumi Adriana Bentancor

Consumption of raw/undercooked ground beef is the most common route of transmission of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). The aim of the study was to determine the STEC contamination level of the ground beef samples collected in 36 markets of different socioeconomic strata in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and the characterization of the isolated strains. Ninety-one out of 252 (36.1%) samples were...

Journal: :Infection and immunity 2003
Paola Marcato Kathleen Vander Helm George L Mulvey Glen D Armstrong

Solid-phase binding, competitive binding, and cytotoxicity neutralization assays indicate that the B pentamer and A subunit both contribute to human serum amyloid P (HuSAP) component binding to Stx2. A polyvalent globotriaosyl-ceramide receptor analog, Daisy, did not competitively inhibit HuSAP binding, implying that the two ligands bind to different Stx2 domains.

2010
Deborah G. Conrady Michael J. Flagler David R. Friedmann Bradley D. Vander Wielen Rhett A. Kovall Alison A. Weiss Andrew B. Herr

Escherichia coli strain O157:H7 is a major cause of food poisoning that can result in severe diarrhea and, in some cases, renal failure. The pathogenesis of E. coli O157:H7 is in large part due to the production of Shiga toxin (Stx), an AB(5) toxin that consists of a ribosomal RNA-cleaving A-subunit surrounded by a pentamer of receptor-binding B subunits. There are two major isoforms, Stx1 and ...

2014
Craig Skinner Stephanie Patfield Larry H. Stanker Pina Fratamico Xiaohua He

BACKGROUND Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) are a group of common and potentially deadly intestinal pathogens expressing Shiga toxin (Stx) as a primary virulence factor. Of the two types of Stx, Stx2 is responsible for more severe symptoms during infection, while Stx1 is almost identical to the Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae, a ubiquitous pathogen in developing countries. Although an...

2012
Gino Stolfa Gerald B. Koudelka

UNLABELLED Phage-encoded Shiga toxin (Stx) acts as a bacterial defense against the eukaryotic predator Tetrahymena thermophila. It is unknown how Stx enters Tetrahymena protozoa or how it kills them. Tetrahymena protozoa are phagocytotic; hence, Stx could gain entry to the cytoplasm through the oral apparatus or via endocytosis. We find that Stx2 can kill T. thermophila protozoa that lack an or...

Journal: :Journal of clinical microbiology 2012
Flemming Scheutz Louise D Teel Lothar Beutin Denis Piérard Glenn Buvens Helge Karch Alexander Mellmann Alfredo Caprioli Rosangela Tozzoli Stefano Morabito Nancy A Strockbine Angela R Melton-Celsa Maria Sanchez Søren Persson Alison D O'Brien

When Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains emerged as agents of human disease, two types of toxin were identified: Shiga toxin type 1 (Stx1) (almost identical to Shiga toxin produced by Shigella dysenteriae type 1) and the immunologically distinct type 2 (Stx2). Subsequently, numerous STEC strains have been characterized that express toxins with variations in amino acid sequence...

Journal: :Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI 2015
Angela R Melton-Celsa H M Carvalho Claire Thuning-Roberson A D O'Brien

In the United States, Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is the most frequent infectious cause of hemorrhagic colitis. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a serious sequela that may develop after STEC infection that can lead to renal failure and death in up to 10% of cases. STEC can produce one or more types of Stx, Stx1 and/or Stx2, and Stx1 and Stx2 are responsible for HUS-med...

2012
Xuefang Xu Sean P. McAteer Jai J. Tree Darren J. Shaw Eliza B. K. Wolfson Scott A. Beatson Andrew J. Roe Lesley J. Allison Margo E. Chase-Topping Arvind Mahajan Rosangela Tozzoli Mark E. J. Woolhouse Stefano Morabito David L. Gally

Lytic or lysogenic infections by bacteriophages drive the evolution of enteric bacteria. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) have recently emerged as a significant zoonotic infection of humans with the main serotypes carried by ruminants. Typical EHEC strains are defined by the expression of a type III secretion (T3S) system, the production of Shiga toxins (Stx) and association with speci...

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