In this review we have described the distribution, precise quantities and physico-chemical characteristics of Substance P in the central nervous system and in 7 peripheral organs. In keeping with the main reported actions of substance P as a modulator of both smooth muscle tone and blood vessel diameter, nerve fibres containing the peptide are frequently seen in close proximity to smooth muscle...

A brief overview of recent developments in the substance P field is provided, in addition to a historical introduction. It is emphasized that there are multiple tachykinins and tachykinin receptors and that there are examples of coexistence of several tachykinin peptides and of several tachykinin receptors in single cells, and there is evidence for tachykininergic cotransmission. The distributi...

A conjugate (125I-BH-SP) between substance P and 125I-labeled Bolton-Hunter reagent binds reversibly to a single class of high affinity (Kd = 4 nM) binding sites on dispersed rat parotid cells. The total number of binding sites is 49 +/- 17 fmol/mg of protein. The binding affinity of 13 fragments and analogs of substance P correlates with their relative potency in stimulating salivation. The sm...

KFSD: Keratosis folicularis spinulosa decalvans SP: Substance P INTRODUCTION Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans (KFSD) is an inherited rare disorder characterized by diffuse keratosis pilaris and scarring alopecia. Palmoplantar keratoderma, ocular abnormalities, and atopy can also be present. Most cases occur in males and have a X-linked pattern of inheritance, although autosomal domina...

We have previously demonstrated that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays a counterregulatory role in subtotal nephrectomy-salt (SN-salt) hypertension through an increase in vascular responsiveness to the dilator activity of this neuropeptide. Substance P (SP) is often co-localized with CGRP in perivascular sensory nerves. To determine the role and mechanism of action of SP in SN-salt h...

Neurocysticercosis (NCC), a helminth infection of the brain, is a major cause of seizures. The mediators responsible for seizures in NCC are unknown, and their management remains controversial. Substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide produced by neurons, endothelial cells and immunocytes. The current studies examined the hypothesis that SP mediates seizures in NCC. We demonstrated by immunostaining ...

Highly purified human serum cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8, also known as pseudocholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) had peptidase activity toward substance P. Digestion of substance P was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography, which separated three product peptides. The cleavages occurred sequentially. The first peptide to appear as Arg1-Pro2. The Km for this hydrolysis was 0.3 ...