The effect of withdrawal from chronic morphine or amphetamine treatment on dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in the ventral-medial striatum was studied by use of in vivo microdialysis. There was no effect of 24 h of amphetamine withdrawal on the basal concentration of DA in the ventral-medial striatum. Spontaneous morphine withdrawal (24 h) was associated with a significant decrease in the basal ...

The present study focused on the evaluation of a role of opioid system in nicotine-induced antinociception and physical dependence in mice. The results indicate that nicotine (3 mg/kg) produced a significant antinociception in the hot plate test. Additionally, the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (0.5 and 1 mg/kg), dose-dependently attenuated this effect. Our second experimental protocol con...

Objective The aim of this study was to examine current practice patterns surrounding the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in the Northeast region of the United States. Methods A survey questionnaire with several treatment options related to current practice in the management of AWS was developed. All hospitals with 100 beds or more located in the Northeast region were selected,...

The authors provide a critical review focusing on pharmacotherapy of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in hospitalized patients who are not critically ill. They outline recommendations for patient assessment and monitoring.

BACKGROUND During the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak, many patients avoided hospital visit because of fear of infection. Antiepileptic drug (AED) withdrawal is a risk factor for seizure recurrence. Therefore, seizure control during the SARS outbreak is a good model for examining the impact of drug withdrawal in seizure control. METHODS All seizures experienced by each ...

همدقم : ي رييغت يديئوريت ياهنومروه نازيم نيفرم هب هتسباو دارفا رد هتفا تـسا هدـش شرازـگ ديئوريت و زيفوپيه سوملااتوپيه روحم تيلاعف صوصخ رد يتوافتم جياتن و . رد غت هعلاطم نيا يي لاعف تار ي ت هدغ ت ي ئور ي ول نمزم و داح زيوجت اب د تفرگ رارق يسررب دروم نيفرم عطق مئلاع رب نيسكوريتو . شور اه : 42 رد غلاب رن يهاگشيامزآ ديفس شوم 6 دش هدافتسا هورگ . نيسكوريتوول هدننك تفايرد ياههورگ يقافص لخاد mg/...

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Lactococcus sp. strain Rs-Y01, which was isolated from the gut of a wood-feeding termite. The genome information will facilitate the study of the symbiotic functions of this strain in the termite gut.

This study had the aim to analyze both the phonological changes and the generalization obtained in the treatment with rothics in two models of phonological treatment. The sample consisted of four subjects diagnosed with phonological disorder, with ages between four and six years. All of them were assessed before and after the phonological therapy. Two groups were established for the treatment w...

The current investigation concerns the connection between social support given to alcohol abused patients and the occurrence of the withdrawal syndrome experienced by them, resulting from emotional and physical uneasiness. The independent variable, which was social support, has been formulated in a qualitative way, by referring to such subjective measures as: feeling of support, its perceived a...

A computational model of emergent syllable systems is developed based on a set of functional constraints on syllable systems and the assumption that language structure emerges through cumulative change over time. The constraints were derived from general communicative factors as well as from the phonetic principles of perceptual distinctiveness and articulatory ease. Through evolutionary optimi...