[1] This study contributes to the discussion on possible effects of El Niño on North Atlantic/European regional climates. We use NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data to show how the two different types of El Niños (the central Pacific, or CP, and the east Pacific, or EP) result in remarkably different European winter temperature anomalies, specifically weak warming during EP and significant cooling during...

Photosynthesis in warm-climate plants is substantially reduced after chilling. Tropical and subtropical species offer the opportunity to study the effects of low temperature on photosynthetic processes undisguised by the myriad of protective responses observed in temperate species. In this article, we highlight the primary components of photosynthesis that are affected by a short chill, in both...

Some enchytraeid species of tropical, subtropical or Mediterranean origin can appear in artificial environments, e.g. green houses due to the worldwide commercial network. Since the used soil from green houses is often disposed outdoors, a question raised that these exotic enchytraeid species could survive under continental climate conditions. In this experiment two of the resettled green house...

Cutaneous myiasis is a parasitic disease secondary to the presence of the larvae of certain insects, particularly diptera, in the skin of man or vertebrates [1]. Human myiasis is a rare clinical condition, but more frequently seen in tropical and subtropical areas. Hot humid climate with inadequate sanitary conditions favor the development of this condition. Dermatitis, psychiatric illnesses, l...

Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic human melanized fungi infection of the subcutaneous tissue caused by traumatic inoculation of a specific group of dematiaceous fungi through the skin, often found in barefooted agricultural workers, in tropical and subtropical climate countries. We report the case of a male patient presenting a slow-growing pruriginous lesion on the limbs for 20 years, mistreate...

—Approximately one-fifth (ten species) of the plant megafossils in the Chinle Formation in Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona are the remains of ferns or fern-like leaves. Four of the species are assigned to living families, two are assigned to extinct families and the others are unassigned. The nearest living relatives and morphological features of these plants indicates that they lived u...

felled, or girdle-poisoned) and compared measured mass loss with decay class designations. Study Site The study was installed at the US Department of Energy’s Savannah River Site (Kilgo and Blake 2005), a National Environmental Research Park, located in Aiken, Barnwell, and Allendale counties in the South Carolina upper Coastal Plain (33°25 N, 81°50 W). The climate is warm temperate to subtropi...

One new species of Acosmetura (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) is described from China, namely Acosmetura listrica Bian & Shi, sp. nov. and distinctive characters are illustrated. In addition, a key to the known species with morphological photographs of Acosmetura longicercata Liu, Zhou & Bi, 2008 from Tianmushan, Zhejiang is provided in this paper. Based on the comprehensive physical...

Climate is a critical factor affecting forest ecosystems and their capacity to produce goods and services. This chapter reviews published studies of climate-forest relationships with emphasis on indications and mechanisms of change during recent decades. Effects of climate change on forests depend on ecosystem-specific factors including human activities, natural processes, and several dimension...

In considering the role of cirriform clouds in climate change, it is important to distinguish among the relationships of different high cloud types to large-scale atmospheric dynamics. While cirrostratus and cirrocumulus (CsCc) have a clear relation to deep convective sources, the ensemble behavior of cirrus is more subtle. An empirical relation is found between cirrus fraction and deep cloud t...