Within the last decade, research on torrefaction has gained increasing attention due to its ability improve physical properties and chemical composition of biomass residues for further energetic utilisation. While most works focused improving energy density solid fraction offer an ecological alternative coal applications, little was paid valorisation condensable gases as platform chemicals rele...

Solid biofuels, such as bark, forest residues, sawdust, and wood chips are important mill fuels in the forest industry. They are combusted in combined heat and power plants (CHP-plants) to generate heat and electricity for pulp and paper making processes. Biofuels usually have high moisture content. The high moisture content decreases the effective heating value of fuel and makes the operation ...

Superheated water is liquid water under pressure between 100°C and its critical temperature of 374°C. The rationale for using superheated water is explained. An overview of the work on its use for separation processes is given. The work that has been carried out is mostly of laboratory scale, although some pilot studies and small industrial processes are described. INTRODUCTION It is useful to ...

In this article, a mathematical model of working fluid inlet into chamber rotary expansion machine from source superheated steam. The main practical problem that can be solved on the basis is to determine dependence torque angular velocity, i.e. in construction mechanical characteristics machine.

Drill mud is a fluid which is used in oil extraction industries in order to cool and lubricate the drill bit. Due to containing numerous toxic components, it is considered as a hazardous waste which must be treated before discharging to the environment. Current separation techniques for drill cutting treatment can be categorized into three main categories of physical (dewatering), physiochemica...