INTRODUCTION Thyroid orbitopathy is the most common cause of restrictive strabismus. Patients often present with vertical or horizontal double vision, or both, due to restriction involving most commonly the inferior and medial rectus muscles. Traditional muscle surgery involves release of the tight muscles. Previous literature has described a frequent need for secondary operations and an overco...

BACKGROUND Congenital Brown syndrome is characterized by limited elevation particularly during adduction. The pathogenesis of congenital Brown syndrome is still controversial. CASE PRESENTATION A 6-year-old boy had been tilting his head to the left since infancy. He showed right hypertropia (RHT) of 2 prism diopters (Δ) in the primary position. He showed RHT 6Δ in right gaze, RHT 2Δ in left g...

We have made intraoperative, continuous-registration, length-tension diagrams of detached eye muscles in 80 strabismus patients under general anaesthesia. In 47 of these we repeated the measurements after contraction evoked by succinylcholine chloride. In contracting horizontal and vertical rectus muscles, we found a linear relation between length and tension. In contracting oblique muscles, ho...

PURPOSE To study size and contractility of the normal inferior oblique (IO) muscle using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to evaluate abnormalities of the superior oblique (SO) and IO muscles in chronic SO palsy. DESIGN Prospective, case control study. PARTICIPANTS Thirteen patients with SO palsy and 17 orthotropic subjects. METHODS High-resolution, surface coil MRI wa...