In the present work, influences of ??? interactions in superoxide dismutase (SOD) active centers were analyzed. The majority aromatic residues are involved interactions. Predominant type interacting pairs is His?His and His?Trp pairs. addition to interactions, ? also form ?-networks SOD proteins. most favorable at pair distance range 5?7 ?. We observed that shows stabilization energies from ?4....

Superoxide radicals are one of the most toxic reactive oxygen species and its damaging effects lead to a variety of detrimental health conditions including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders and other types of age-related diseases. Following Nature example, chemists have designed manganese complexes that mimic the protecting action of the superoxide dismutases (SOD), metalloen...

The complete amino acid sequence of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase from horse liver is reported. The molecule consists of 153 amino acids and has a Mr = 16,000. The primary structure was determined by automated and manual sequence analysis on fragments produced by cleavage of the S-carboxymethylated protein with cyanogen bromide and on peptides obtained by digestion with trypsin, thermolysin,...

The activity of superoxide dismutase was investigated in needles of spruce trees. To obtain maximum activity, needles were homogenized in the presence of Triton X-100 and polyvinylpyrrolidone. Superoxide dismutase activity was measured in dialyzed extracts with a modified epinephrine assay (HP Misra, I Fridovich [1972] J Biol Chem 247: 3170-3175) at pH 10.2. The extracts contained 70 to 120 uni...

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are involved in plant adaptive responses to biotic and abiotic stresses but the upstream signalling process that modulates their expression is not clear. Expression of two iron SODs, FSD2 and FSD3, was significantly increased in Arabidopsis in response to NaCl treatment but blocked in transgenic MKK5-RNAi plant, mkk5. Using an assay system for transient expression i...

Recent suggestions that the amino acid sequence of the copper/zinc superoxide dismutases of swordfish and Photobacter leiognathi do not support the theory that the bacterium obtained the gene for the enzyme by transfer from its eucaryotic symbiont [Rocha, H. A., Bannister, W. H. and Bannister, J. V. (1984) Eur. J. Biochem. 145, 477-484] are examined. The amount of difference between the sequenc...

Formaldehyde is the illegal chemical substance used for food preservation in fish and vegetable. It can promote carcinogenesis. Superoxide dismutases are the important antioxidative enzymes that catalyze the dismutation of superoxide anion into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The resultant level of oxidative stress in formaldehyde-treated lymphocytes was investigated. The formaldehyde concentrati...

1. Neurospora crassa was found to contain two distinct superoxide dismutases. 2. Most of the activity is associated with the cytosolic fraction and was shown to be the Cu/Zn-containing form of the protein. 3. Mitochondria isolated from Neurospora crassa showed two distinct superoxide dismutases: a cyanide-sensitive Cu/Zn-containing protein and a cyanide-insensitive form which probably contains ...

Superoxide dismutases (SOD) convert superoxide radicals into less damaging hydrogen peroxide. The opportunistic human pathogen Candida albicans is known to express CuZnSOD (SOD1) and MnSOD (SOD3) in the cytosol and MnSOD (SOD2) in the mitochondria. We identified three additional CuZn-containing superoxide dismutases, SOD4, SOD5, and SOD6, within the sequence of the C. albicans genome. The trans...