BACKGROUND People with diabetes are at an increased risk of developing numerous complications, resulting in increased health care expenditures, economic burden, and higher mortality. For patients using an insulin pump or multiple insulin injections, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is recognized as a core component of effective diabetes self-management. However, little is known about the...

Background . Import of medical supplies is common, but limited knowledge about import costs and their structure introduces uncertainty to budget planning, cost management, cost-effectiveness analysis health programs. We aimed estimate the a tuberculosis (TB) program in Uzbekistan, including specific imported items. Methods developed framework that applies costing accounting costs. First, transp...

PROBLEM Many countries have limited experience of securing the best prices for drugs and have little negotiating power. This is particularly true for the complex, lengthy and expensive regimens used to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. APPROACH The Stop TB Partnership's Global Drug Facility is dedicated to improving worldwide access to antituberculosis medicines and diagnostic technique...

The spatial price equilibrium model begins with the Hitchcock-Koopmans transportation problem as described by Dantzig (1963). The data for this model includes a set of suppliers I and a set of markets J , with supplies ai, demands bj, transport costs cij from supplier i to market j. Cast as a planning problem, this linear program seeks a transport schedule which minimizes the cost of supplying ...

We consider a situation where an exhaustible-resource seller faces demand from a buyer who has a perfect substitute but there is a time-to-build delay for the substitute. We nd that in this simple framework the basic implications of the Hotelling model (1931) are reversed: over time the stock declines but supplies increase up to the point where the buyer decides to switch. Under such a threat o...