Engineering the energetics of perovskite solar cells through introduction surface dipoles that assist with charge carrier extraction is a promising route to enhance device performance without altering other layers or fabrication parameters. In this work, we introduce four different derivatives dicationic phosphonium-bridged ladder stilbenes (PYMC) in inverted structure ITO/Meo-2pacz/perovskite/...

the term globalization undoubtedly has affected all parts of humanity life in current century. globalization as a comprehensive phenomenon has influenced economical, political, social and cultural aspects of our societies. contemporary architecture as a multidimensional category is depended on various factors and needs to be pursued in different fields, in order to reach to a perfect comprehend...