The energy- and flux-budget (EFB) theory developed previously for atmospheric stably stratified turbulence is extended to the surface layer in convective turbulence. This based on budget equations turbulent energies fluxes Boussinesq approximation. In lower part of boundary layer, rate production kinetic energy (TKE) caused by shear much larger than that buoyancy, which results three-dimensiona...

Natural aggregates are gradually experiencing resource shortages and price accumulations with the rapid development rate of highway construction industry. Therefore, new materials social economic benefits must be identified to replace natural aggregates. Limestone was selected as representative aggregates, waste glass ceramics were chosen representatives solid in this article. This undertaken c...

In this article, surface stress and nonlocal effects on the biaxial and uniaxial buckling of rectangular silver nanoplates embedded in elastic media are investigated using finite difference method (FDM). The uniform temperature change is utilized to study thermal effect. The surface energy effects are taken into account using the Gurtin-Murdoch’s theory. Using the principle of virtual work, the...

The dissociative adsorption of N2 on W(110) is studied using classical dynamics on a six-dimensional potential energy surface obtained from density functional theory calculations. Two distinct channels are identified in the dissociation process: a direct one and an indirect one. It is shown that the direct channel is inhibited for low energy molecules (Ei < 400 meV) and low incidence angles. Th...

The surface tension theory seems to have been often referred to in explaining the mechanism of phagocytosis.7),12),37) According to this theory, the devouring of a foreign body can be performed without biophysical and biochemical energy. Activities of respirations and glycolysis have been measured as to phagocytizing cells. The results of these measurements, however, do not seem to have totally...

A general theory of heteroepitaxial lateral growth of nanocrystallites via successive nucleation at the concave corner of the nanocrystallite and the substrate was developed. The theory treats the existence of a rotational instability of crystallographic orientation induced by the imbalance of surface/interface energy. From the theory it can be concluded that the crystallographic orientation ma...

We investigate the liquid-vapor interface of the restricted primitive model for an ionic fluid using a density functional approach. The applied theory includes the electrostatic contribution to the free energy functional arising from the bulk energy equation of state and the mean spherical approximation for a restricted primitive model, as well as the associative contribution, due to the format...

The atomic structure and charge redistribution of different terminations of BaZrO3 011 surfaces have been studied using density functional simulations. We found that the O-terminated 011 flat surface had the smallest cleavage energy among 011 surfaces, but this value was still twice as large as for the formation of a pair of complimentary 001 surfaces. The density functional calculations allowe...