in this study, as for the re-casting, surface alloying and re-solidification layer of this alloys at the work piece level machining with wire electro discharge machining (wedm), changes of surface micro hardness with changes of operational parameters has been studied. therefore, study shows using surface alloying phenomena with the diffusion of wire material into the machined surface and select...

Previously, we have shown that pericardial constraint cannot be measured by true (hydrostatic) pressure except when an excess of pericardial fluid is present and that a device such as a balloon (which reflects radial contact stress as well as hydrostatic pressure) must be used. Since radial contact stress is the major component of the constraint exerted by the pericardium when little pericardia...

Abstract-An alternating method, in conjunction with the finite element method and a solution for multiple coplanar elliptical cracks in an intinite solid, is used to determine stress intensity factors for semi-elliptical surface flaws in cylindrical pressure vessels. The solution technique for multiple cracks in an infinite body has recently been developed by the prese.nt authors which implemen...

This paper presents a study of acoustic scattering by a cylinder of either infinite or finite length near a flat pressure-release surface. A novel self-consistent method is developed to describe the multiple scattering interactions between the cylinder and the surface. The complete scattering amplitude for the cylinder is derived from a set of equations, and is numerically evaluated. The result...