BACKGROUND Hydatid disease is a life-threatening parasitic infestation caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Infection with E. granulosus typically results in the formation of hydatid cysts in the liver, lungs, kidney, and spleen. Primary intracranial hydatid cyst disease is extremely rare. Here, we are reporting an unusual case of Echinococcus, where the only identifiable lesion was a hydatid cys...

Surgical shoes are commonly prescribed by orthopaedic surgeons and rheumatologists. The shoes include both bespoke surgical shoes, which are specially designed and fitted, and "comfort shoes," which are commercially made soft leather or suede shoes and are cheaper to prescribe. Comfort shoes usually cost 40% less than bespoke shoes and appear more cosmetically acceptable to the patient. All pat...

Cervical anterior foraminotomy (AF) is an anterior surgical technique for the cervical spine aimed to decompress intervertebral foramen and lateral side of the spinal canal. This technique aims to remove the offending lesion, either a disc fragment or osteophyte compressing the neural structures, via a bony window at the uncovertebral area; while preserving the structure and functions of the in...

Retained foreign bodies after surgery have the potential to cause serious medical complications for patients and bring fourth serious medico-legal consequences for surgeons and hospitals. Standard operating room protocols have been adopted to reduce the occurrence of the most common retained foreign bodies. Despite these precautions, radiolucent objects and uncounted components/pieces of instru...

Dens invaginatus is a relatively common dental malformation resulting from an infolding of enamel organ into the dental papilla varying in depth into the tooth tissues. Complex morphological anatomy associated with the pulpal pathology presents inaccessibility to completely remove the necrotic pulp tissues and hence poses challenges in rendering endodontic treatment. A combination of nonsurgica...

Although several cases of a dumbbell tumor of thoracic nerve roots have been reported, reports on the surgical procedures for a dumbbell tumor of the first thoracic (T1) nerve root are rare. Surgeons should be cautious, especially when performing a surgical procedure for a dumbbell tumor of the T1 nerve root because the tumor is anatomically located adjacent to important organs and because the ...

Introduction/aims In the treatment of cancer, the fundamental surgical goal is to remove all local malignant disease and leave no residual malignant cells. Studies have demonstrated the benefit of achieving negative resection margins in terms of disease free local recurrence and overall survival. The surgical margins for head & neck cancer may vary widely depending on the site of disease. Optic...

Radical operation of glands in the neck leaves very bad scars, and moreover it is practically impossible to remove all the infected glands. Recurrence rate after radical operation is also high. Moreover, the cosmetic results of surgical excision are not significantly better than those of untreated cases. Good cosmetic result is really the first aim of treatment. Thompson (1936, 1937) collected ...

Background/introduction Temporal lobe epilepsy remains a significant cause of disabling morbidity. Patients that are refractory to medical treatment are often considered for invasive surgery to remove the epileptogenic focus originating from the structures of the medial temporal lobe. A range of surgical options now exist with varying degrees of efficacy. The goal of any surgical intervention i...

INTRATHORACIC GOITERS ARE DIVIDED INTO TWO CATEGORIES: primary and secondary. Intrathoracic goiters (IG) can cause upper airway obstruction. The presence of obstructive symptoms secondary to increased thyroid growth and tracheal compression is major indication for surgery; however, goiters do not always require immediate surgical attention. In addition, although some diagnostic tests indicate u...