PURPOSE OF REVIEW The life expectancy of people living with HIV has dramatically increased since effective antiretroviral therapy has been available, and still continues to improve. Here, we review the latest literature on estimates of life expectancy and consider the implications for future research. RECENT FINDINGS With timely diagnosis, access to a variety of current drugs and good lifelon...

Survival in type 1 diabetes has improved, but the impact on life expectancy in the U.S. type 1 diabetes population is not well established. Our objective was to estimate the life expectancy of the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) study cohort and quantify improvements by comparing two subcohorts based on year of diabetes diagnosis (1950-1964 [n = 390] vs. 1965-1980 [n = 5...

CONTEXT Patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy have increased mortality compared with the general population, but patients with pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy who meet criteria for surgery and who become seizure-free after anterior temporal lobe resection have reduced excess mortality vs those with persistent seizures. OBJECTIVE To quantify the potential survival benefit of anteri...

Background This study identifies the overall survival status of lung cancer patients with bone metastasis and metastasis patterns. Poor prognostic factors were identified to develop a scoring system for estimating survival period after bone metastasis. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was performed at Chiang Mai University for the period January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2013. Time-to-e...

Background: On average, individuals underestimate their survival chances, which could yield suboptimal long-term decisions. Objective: Is the accuracy of individuals’ beliefs associated with knowledge population life expectancy people age and gender? Methods: We use 1995 1996 waves Dutch DNB Household Survey (DHS) data on expectancy, supplemented death registry for years to 2018. The is measure...

Cancer survival comparisons between cohorts are often assessed by estimates of relative or net survival. These measure the difference in mortality between those diagnosed with the disease and the general population. For such comparisons methods are needed to standardize cohort structure (including age at diagnosis) and all-cause mortality rates in the general population. Standardized non-parame...

the decline in avoidable mortality (am) and increase in life expectancy in shanghai is impressive. gusmano and colleagues suggested that shanghai’s improved health system has contributed significantly to this decline in am. however, when compared to other global cities, shanghai’s life expectancy at birth is improving as london and new york city, but has yet to surpass that of hong kong, tokyo,...

We study the causal effect of winning an Oscar Award on an actor or actress’s survival. Does the increase in social rank from a performer winning an Oscar increase the performer’s life expectancy? Previous studies of this issue have suffered from healthy performer survivor bias, that is, candidates who are healthier will be able to act in more films and have more chance to win Oscar Awards. To ...

Despite accumulating evidence from in vitro studies that cellular senescence is linked to telomere dynamics, how this relates to whole-organism senescence and longevity is poorly understood and controversial. Using data on telomere length in red blood cells and long-term survival from wild Alpine swifts of a range of ages, we report that the telomere length and the rate of telomere loss are pre...