Here we report the expression of the zebrafish zic1 gene, also known as opl, a homologue to other vertebrate Zic genes and the Drosophila odd-paired gene. zic1 expression starts during epiboly stages in lateral parts of the neural plate and eventually comes to lie in dorsal regions of the developing brain following the morphogenetic movements of neural tube formation. To address the question wh...

Important new features are found for a family of swirling jets with velocity v;z, where z is the distance from the jet origin. First, there is a sharp minimum of the pressure coefficient at a certain value of the swirl number Sw which is nearly n independent; this feature can be utilized in technological devices. Second, as Sw increases, a separation zone develops, where the fluid is not at res...

Present study examines turbulent structures of a rough bed open-channel flow in the context of deterministic approach. Instantaneous velocity field is measured in different hydraulic conditions using two dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) in vertical plane and Stereoscopic PIV in horizontal plane. Different techniques and quantities such as swirl strength, two-point and cross-correlat...

The conditions in which meridional recirculations appear in swirling flows above a fixed wall are analysed. In the classical Bodewädt problem, where the swirl tends towards an asymptotic value away from the wall, the well-known "tea-cup effect" drives a flow away from the plate at the centre of the vortex. Simple dimensional arguments applied to a single vortex show that if the intensity of the...

The present work is a study of the gas-flow phenomenon known as the ?end of the vortex? (EoV), which spontaneously occurs at the lower end, or under, reverse-flow centrifugal separators such as cyclones or swirl tubes. Different CFD models of swirl tubes have been built to study and analyse this phenomenon in detail. The present numerical work is based on ? and compared with ? previous experime...

Labyrinth seal force estimates are important to the prediction of the stability of turbomachinery. The force prediction methods fall into several categories: experiments, bulk flow analysis, and finite volume analysis. Finite volume analysis can be split into two subcategories: selfdeveloped and commercial. In this research, a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program called ANSYSCF...

The type of turbine developed is based on the very low head of water potential source for the electric power production. The area of research is focused for the axial water turbine that can be applied at the simple site open channel with has a very low cost and environmental impact compared to the conventional hydro installation. High efficiency of axial turbine which applied to the very low po...

Simultaneous dual-plane PIV experiments were performed in streamwise-spanwise planes in the log region of a turbulent boundary layer at a moderate Reynolds number (Reτ ∼ 1100). The acquired datasets were used to resolve all 9 velocity gradients from which the complete vorticity vector and other invariant quantities like 3-D swirl strength were computed. These derived quantities were used to ana...

This paper discusses the predicted flow structure inside the cylinder with threedimensional modeling of incylinder flow field with 225 spiral port having three different entry angles (20,32.5 and 45) and at 3000 rpm. Swirl velocities and turbulence inside the cylinder during suction and compression stroke under motoring conditions have been compared. The turbulence is modeled using RNG k-ε mode...