OBJECTIVE To determine how symmetric (proportionate; SGR) and asymmetric (disproportionate; AGR) growth restriction influence growth and development in preterms from birth to 4 years. METHODS This community-based cohort study of 810 children comprised 86 SGR, 61 AGR, and 663 non-growth restricted (NGR) preterms, born in 2002 and 2003. Symmetrical growth restriction was defined as a birth weig...

The salience of bilateral symmetry to humans has led to the suggestion that camouflage may be enhanced in asymmetrical patterns. However, the importance of bilateral symmetry in visual signals (and overall morphology) may constrain the evolution of asymmetrical camouflage, resulting in the bilaterally symmetrical cryptic patterns that we see throughout the animal kingdom. This study investigate...

Natural killer (NK) cells discern the health of other cells by recognising the balance of activating and inhibitory ligands expressed by each target cell. However, how the integration of activating and inhibitory signals relates to formation of the NK cell immune synapse remains a central question in our understanding of NK cell recognition. Here we report that ligation of LFA-1 on NK cells ind...

Serotonin neurons originate from the brainstem raphe nuclei and innervate the entire brain to regulate mood, emotion, sleep, appetite and aggression. Previous electron microscopy (EM) studies have revealed that 5-HT boutons directly contact several neuronal populations via asymmetrical (excitatory) or symmetrical (inhibitory) synapses. Additionally, 5-HT boutons sometimes form “triads” with the...

The purpose of this study was to provide a thorough description of lumbar surface integrated electromyography (EMG) in pain-free normals during a standardized assessment protocol of static isometric and unresisted dynamic tasks. It has been proposed that in pain-free normals, symmetrical tasks that bend the trunk forward or extend the trunk backward produce symmetrical paraspinal EMG activity, ...

This study examines the links between human perceptions, cognitive biases and neural processing of symmetrical stimuli. While preferences for symmetry have largely been examined in the context of disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorders, we examine various these phenomena in non-clinical subjects and suggest that such preferences are distributed throughout t...

With targets aligned in the midsagittal plane, six of seven subjects tested were often able to make smooth symmetrical convergence movements in which no detectable saccade occurred during the initial 300 msec of the eye movement (12-95% of their trials). With targets located in a plane parallel to, but appreciably to one side of the midsagittal plane, those same six subjects were also often abl...

ion Non-Verbal The ability to balance at least two of the symmetrical beams, but no more than one of the asymmetrical beams. All beams are placed on the fulcrum at their geometric centre. No explanations are given and no relevant variables are mentioned. This is distinguished from the Implicit level by the inability to balance the asymmetrical beams. (This level corresponds to Level E1 in Karmi...

In some short circuit studies, the X/R ratio is ignored when comparing the short circuit rating of the equipment to the available fault current at the equipment. What is not always realized is that when lowvoltage gear is tested, it is tested at a certain X/R ratio. The X/R ratio is important because it determines the peak asymmetrical fault current. The asymmetrical fault current can be much l...