conclusions this study showed that the developed rrt-pcr assays are rapid, reliable, reproducible, specific, sensitive, and simple tools for detection of mers-cov. finally, a kit consisting of two assay signatures and controls was assembled, which can be distributed to public health laboratories in iran to support international mers-cov surveillance and public health response. results the upe a...

Recombinant glycoprotein 120 (rgp120) of human immunodeficiency virus type-l (HIV-1) activates the human complement system in the absence of anti-gpl20 antibodies. HIV1 glycoprotein gp120 can dissociate from the viral envelope either spontaneously or after binding of HIV-1 to the CD4 molecule. As a consequence, gp120 can circulate in the patient’s serum and attach to the surface of uninfected C...

As members of the indigenous human microbiota found on several mucosal tissues, Methanobrevibacter smithii and Methanosphaera stadtmanae are exposed to the effects of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) secreted by these epithelia. Although antimicrobial and molecular effects of AMPs on bacteria are well described, data for archaea are not available yet. Besides, it is not clear whether AMPs affect t...

Bovine viral diarrhea viruses (BVDVs) are important pathogens of cattle that occur worldwide, and for which no antiviral therapy is available. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of small interfering (si) RNAs on bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) replication in cultured bovine cells was explored. Four synthetic siRNAs were designed to target structural envelope region genes (Erns, ...

Bacterial surface polysaccharides are synthesized from lipid-linked precursors at the inner surface of the cytoplasmic membrane before being translocated across the bilayer for envelope assembly. Transport of the cell wall precursor lipid II in Escherichia coli requires the broadly conserved and essential multidrug/oligosaccharidyl-lipid/polysaccharide (MOP) exporter superfamily member MurJ. He...

The object of this cross sectional study was to determine the HCV subtype 3a envelope protein binding affinity with Human Leukocyte Antigen. Envelope 1 (E1) protein is one of the structural proteins responsible for entering the cells through the receptors. The binding affinity of E1 protein epitopes to the selected Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I alleles was investigated using the compute...

Viruses enter into complex interactions within human hosts, leading to facilitation or suppression of each other's replication. Upon coinfection, GB virus C (GBV-C) suppresses HIV-1 replication in vivo and in vitro, and GBV-C coinfection is associated with prolonged survival in HIV-infected people. GBV-C is a lymphotropic virus capable of persistent infection. GBV-C infection is associated with...

Background: Although a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is readily available, new cases of COVID-19 are still occurring. New drug discovery needed to treat COVID-19. Protein E one the potential targets. Two synthetic compounds bicycloproline derivatives have be developed. Objective: This study aimed estimate interaction protein in-silico. Methods: There were two bicycloproline-derived compounds, MI-09 and MI...

this paper classifies green envelopes as green roofs and green walls according to effective factors, which were derived from literature to compare the green envelopes’ thermal and energy performance in a more effective way. for this purpose, an extensive literature review was carried out by searching keywords in databases and studying related journal papers and articles. the research method for...