The products based on fossil oils are increasing with the concerns of environmental sectors and academics as well. In this era, there challenges to finding alternative resources replacing oil for different engineering applications. One is lubricant. Fossil lubricants have many industrial applications involve millions dollars each year in development due their huge needs. Accordingly satisfy nee...

New, more stringent environmental requirements for electrical insulation liquids have led to the development of novel, environment-friendly liquid dielectrics. Ester fluids, introduced several decades ago, provide a viable alternative traditional mineral insulating liquids. In order expand practical applications these novel dielectric their and parameters should be established. One critical tha...

The results of an experimental work carried out to evaluate the effect of palm oil methyl esters, also known as palm oil diesel (POD) and its emulsions as alternative fuel on unmodified indirect injection diesel engine's wear and lube oil performance are presented in this paper. Half throttle engine with constant 2500 rpm setting was maintained throughout the wear debris and lube oil analysis s...

OBJECTIVE Over-the-counter vaginal lubricants have been shown to negatively affect in vitro sperm motility. The objective of this study was to estimate the effect of vaginal lubricant use during procreative intercourse on natural fertility. METHODS Women aged 30-44 years with no history of infertility who had been trying to conceive for less than 3 months completed a baseline questionnaire on...

Poly(ortho ester)s (POEs) are well-known for their surface-eroding properties and hence present unique opportunities for controlled-release and tissue-engineering applications. Their development and wide-spread investigation has, however, been severely limited by challenging synthetic requirements that incorporate unstable intermediates and are therefore highly irreproducible. Herein, the first...

Ultra-thin lubricant films are essential in the design of nanoscale systems and devices as surface effects become increasingly important on the nanoscale. We have used molecular dynamics simulations to quantify terraced spreading of perfluoropolyether lubricant on a flat substrate as a function of polymer chain length, lubricant thickness, and functional end groups of the lubricant and the subs...

Bio-based lubricant is crucial to be developed considering the toxicity risk, climate change, energy security, and green-environmental approach. Palm kernel fatty acids based biolubricants were synthesized by homogeneous acid-catalyzed esterification reaction between palm with selected polyhydric alcohols; trimethylolpropane (TMP), di-trimethylolpropane (Di-TMP), pentaerythritol (PE). The optim...

The Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling is a metal-catalysed reaction in which boron-based nucleophiles and halide-based electrophiles are reacted to form a single molecule. This is one of the most reliable tools in synthetic chemistry, and is extensively used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and organic materials. Herein, we report a significant advance in the choice of electrophil...

Estradiol valerate (Exogenous estrogen) is a synthetic ester and is also a female estrogen hormone. There arestudies showing that estradiol may have anticancer effects. This study was performed to reveal the effects ofexogenous estrogens on the viability of cervical cancer cells in cell culture. We used Hela cells as our cell linein this study. Hela cells were exposed to 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0....