Systemic vascular pressure in vertebrates is regulated by a range of factors: one key element of control is peripheral resistance in tissue capillary beds. Many aspects of the relationship between central control of vascular flow and peripheral resistance are unclear. An important example of this is the relationship between hypoxic response in individual tissues, and the effect that response ha...

It is generally believed that optimal hypertrophic and strength gains are induced through moderate- or high-intensity resistance training, equivalent to at least 60% of an individual's 1-repetition maximum (1RM). However, recent evidence suggests that similar adaptations are facilitated when low-intensity resistance exercise (~20-50% 1RM) is combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) to the wor...

Adenosine is released by skeletal and cardiac muscles when their metabolism increases: it serves to couple O2 supply with O2 demand by causing vasodilatation. This review argues that adenosine plays a similar role in skeletal muscle in systemic hypoxia. It accounts for approximately 50% of the increase in muscle vascular conductance and, within muscle, it causes dilatation of individual arterio...

High altitude exposure is often accompanied by weight loss. Postulated mechanisms are a reduction of nutritional energy intake, a reduction of intestinal energy uptake from impaired intestinal function and increased energy expenditure. Beyond the field of altitude, there are good reasons for renewed interest in the relationship between hypoxia and energy balance. The increasing prevalence of ob...

We studied the effects of hypoxia on cerebral cortical and intestinal perfusion and metabolism in normocythemic hyperviscous newborn pigs. Seven pigs were made hyperviscous by an injection of cryoprecipitate, increasing viscosity from 5.8 +/- 0.9 to 9.0 +/- 1. 2 (SD) cycles/s. Six normoviscous pigs received 0.9% NaCl. Reducing the inspired O(2) decreased the arterial O(2) content (Ca(O(2))) fro...

Abstract Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are the most challenging to treat pediatric high-grade gliomas, with a dismal prognosis of 9 15 months median survival. The ones localized in pons not accessible surgery and rely on radiotherapy treatment. majority DMGs confer mutation histone 3 variants (H3.3 or H3.1), leading lysine 27 methionine substitution (H3K27M) consequent global decrease H3K27 tr...

Hypoxia (i.e., decreased O2 availability) is a pervasive physiological stimulus that profoundly affects biological systems. Systemic responses to acute hypoxia occur within seconds and are mediated entirely by reflexes originating from peripheral chemoreceptors especially the carotid bodies. Cellular mechanisms associated with acute hypoxia involve inhibition of certain classes of K channels le...

Introduction In vitro and animal studies have shown that hypoxia and hyperoxia influence the innate immune response. Therefore, hypoxia and hyperoxia could be cheap, non-pharmacological, non-invasive treatment modalities to modulate inflammatory conditions. Hypoxia has shown to exert pro-inflammatory effects, supposedly mediated by the transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor 1a (HIF1a), w...

The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that arginine vasopressin (AVP) mediates hypoxia-induced anapyrexia. The rectal temperature of awake, unrestrained rats was measured before and after hypoxic hypoxia, AVP-blocker injection, or a combination of the two. Control animals received saline injections of the same volume. Basal body temperature was 36.52 +/- 0.29 degreesC. We observ...

Results In the last step, there were similar reductions in systemic and intestinal oxygen transports and consumptions, and increases in respiratory quotient and lactate, in ischemic and anemic hypoxia compared to sham group. ΔPCO2 only increased in ischemic hypoxia (25 ± 10, 5 ± 6, and 5 ± 6 mm Hg, P < 0.01). Superior mesenteric artery blood flow decreased in ischemic hypoxia and increased in a...