Permutation is widely used in cryptographic algorithms. However, it is not well-supported in existing instruction sets. In this paper, two instructions, PPERM3R and GRP, are proposed for efficient software implementation of arbitrary permutations. The PPERM3R instruction can be used for dynamically specified permutations; the GRP instruction can be used to do arbitrary n-bit permutations with u...

Whether unconscious stimuli can modulate the preparation of a cognitive task is still controversial. Using a backward masking paradigm, we investigated whether the modulation could be observed even if the prime was made unconscious in 100% of the trials. In two behavioral experiments, subjects were instructed to initiate a phonological or semantic task on an upcoming word, following an explicit...

Abstract: This study is intended to enhance students’ reading vocabulary through task-based instruction. It was also devised not only answer how the strategy can but get data about retention two weeks after implementation and responses towards strategy. The participantS of this were 30 ninth graders in SMPN 11 Malang second semester 2019/2020 academic year. Classroom Action Research (CAR) used ...

Recent versions of international high-stakes tests like TOEFL and IELTS have made use of integrated tasks in addition to the traditional independent tasks in a claim to provide a more realistic estimation of the test takers’ language abilities. The present study aimed to investigate how test takers’ performance may differ on such tasks. As such, the test takers’ performance was compared on IELT...

In this paper, we describe a structured approach for user behavior recognition in an automatic prompting system that assists users with cognitive disabilities in the task of brushing their teeth. We analyze the brushing task using qualitative data analysis. The results are a hierarchical decomposition of the task and the identification of environmental configurations during subtasks. We develop...