The quasi-experimental classroom study reported in this paper compared the eff ectiveness of three adult EFL course delivery modes – face-to-face group classes, one-to-one private tutoring and online self-study by analysing learners’ cognitive engagement, understood as level participation, involvement ort learners each mode they completed same language tasks. was conducted within a Vygotskian s...

Abstract This paper offers a critique of learning viewed solely through the categories formal Vs. informal education as used by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development ( oecd ). is based on perspectives ethnomethodology, conversation analysis sociocultural theory. It considers that any consists construction common object between participants. I examine two possible organizations ...

Although learner-centeredness has been widely applied in instruction in the world, this approach has only been cautiously adopted in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teaching at some institutions in Vietnam. Taking a social constructivist view, this case study explores how a learner-centred perspective is employed in EFL teaching at a teacher training college in Vietnam. The study is based o...

One of the challenges in in-service teacher education is how teachers can be given professional development (PD) that enables them to respond to national curriculum and policy change. In recent years primary teachers in New Zealand have been inundated with Ministry of Education-funded professional development programmes to help them implement a plethora of curriculum policy and reform initiativ...

A novel optimization algorithm named teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm and its implementation procedure were presented in this paper. TLBO is a meta-heuristic method, which simulates the phenomenon in classes. TLBO has two phases: teacher phase and learner phase. Students learn from teachers in teacher phases and obtain knowledge by mutual learning in learner phase. The suit...

Given a teacher that holds a function f : X → R from some class of functions C. The teacher can receive from the learner an element d in the domain X (a query) and returns the value of the function in d, f(d) ∈ R. The learner goal is to find f with a minimum number of queries, optimal time complexity, and optimal resources. In this survey, we present some of the results known from the literatur...