On 15 January 2022, a violent eruption and tsunami of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) volcano in Tonga, South Pacific, caused widespread international concern. In order to detect anomalous environmental response by HTHH volcanic based on GNSS ionospheric data, tropospheric data coordinate time series, new method combining zenith non-hydrostatic delay difference extreme-point symmetric mode...

This study presents the first prediction results of a neural network model for vertical total electron content topside ionosphere based on Swarm-A measurements. The was trained 5 years data over Euro-African sector spanning period 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2018. combined with solar and geomagnetic indices train NN model. 30 September 2019 used test performance network. divided into two main...

Considering the growing volumes and varieties of ionosphere data, it is expected that automation analytical model building using modern technologies could lead to more accurate results. In this work, machine learning techniques are applied ionospheric modeling prediction sun activity data. We propose Total Electron Content (TEC) spectral analysis, discrete cosine transform (DCT) evaluate relati...

Ionospheric disturbances caused by the 2016 West Sumatra earthquake have been studied using total electron content (TEC) measurements Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observation stations evenly distributed in and Java, Indonesia. Previous focused on coseismic ionospheric (CID) detected 11–16 min after earthquake. The maximum TEC amplitude measured was 2.9 TECU (TEC Unit) with speed be...

Abstract With sufficient consideration of the ionospheric variation subject to solar activity and geomagnetic variation, a high-precision prediction model, i.e., physically constrained polynomial model (PCPM), was constructed by adding Kp index, Dst F10.7P, R sunspot number, other indexes. Based on data Continuously Operating Reference System (CORS) stations in China Southern Power Grid, result...

Multiple passages of the atmospheric (Lamb) waves were recorded globally after Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) volcanic eruption on 15 January 2022. The perturbed ionosphere and produced traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) that observed from ground network Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. This study presents new observations TIDs at higher altitudes (>550 km) CubeSat GPS tracki...

As the study of ionospheric behavior during various solar activities is an important task, studies changes eclipse events have been widely performed in different regions globe. This paper investigates responses to on 22 July 2009 over Nepal using total electron content (TEC) measured by dual-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. The time-averaged Vertical TEC (vTEC) ten GPS stati...

The Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (hereafter HTHH) submarine volcano erupted at 04:14:45 UT on 15 January 2022, causing ionospheric disturbances. This paper uses carrier phase observations from GNSS tracking stations in New Zealand and Australia to calculate the vertical total electron content. At 06:10, ground-based station observes a maximum amplitude of 2.26 TECU anomaly caused by mesoscale trav...

The ionosphere can be perturbed by solar and geomagnetic activity, earthquakes, thunderstorms, etc. In particular, electromagnetic pulses produced thunderstorms generate wave structures in the ionospheric plasma, which are known as atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs), detected measuring total electron content (TEC). We studied variations resulting from on 10 November 2018, between 00:00 08:00 UTC,...

Satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) are essential for sounding the topside ionosphere. In this work, we present and validate a data set of Total Electron Content (TEC) situ electron density observations from Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) GRACE-Follow-On missionsas well as TEC CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) mission. Concerning TEC, special emphasis is put to ensure o...