Recently it has been recognized that the so-called generalized Wigner distribution may provide at least as good a description of terrace width distributions (TWDs) on vicinal surfaces as the standard Gaussian fit and is particularly applicable for weak repulsions between steps, where the latter fails. Subsequent applications to vicinal copper surfaces at various temperatures confirmed the servi...

In the hilly regions of China, developing sustainable agriculture requires implementing conservation management practices that prevent soil erosion and conserve soil and water resources. In the semiarid northwest Loess Plateau, the primary conservation management practice is terracing. Numerical simulation of soil water dynamics in terraces is potentially an efficient means of investigating the...

We have used primarily temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) to investigate CO adsorption on a Au(211) stepped single-crystal surface. The Au(211) surface can be described as a step-terrace structure consisting of three-atom-wide terraces of (111) orientation and a monatomic step with a (100) orientation, or 3(111) x (100) in microfacet n...

The pairwise Einstein model of steps not only justifies the use of the generalized Wigner distribution GWD for terrace width distributions TWDs , it also predicts a specific form for the step position distribution SPD , i.e., the probability density function for the fluctuations of a step about its average position. The predicted form of the SPD is well approximated by a Gaussian with a finite ...

A terrace for Zm is a particular type of sequence formed from the m elements of Zm. For m odd, many procedures are available for constructing power-sequence terraces for Zm; each terrace of this sort may be partitioned into segments, of which one contains merely the zero element of Zm, whereas every other segment is either a sequence of successive powers of an element of Zm or such a sequence m...

Due to the undulating terrain, earthwork estimation was very difficult in the planning and design of land consolidation projects in the hilly areas. A new approach was proposed to estimate the earthwork of sloped terraces according to map features of planning and design of land consolidation in this paper. It was achieved by applying digital elevation model (DEM) theory and statistical function...

We synthesize a new fluvial terrace chronostratigraphy of the Bidente and Musone Rivers cast within a broader European framework, which forms the basis of a terrace genesis and river incision model for the northern Apennines, Italy. Our model, supported by terrace long profiles, correlation to Po foreland sediments, 15 new radiocarbon dates, and published numeric and relative stratigraphic ages...

Sediment deposits formed mainly under the influence of bottom currents (contourites) are widely used as high-resolution archives for reconstructing past ocean conditions. However, driving processes Contourite Depositional Systems (CDS) not entirely understood. The aim this study is to establish a clearer link between contourite features and oceanographic that form them. morphosedimentary charac...

A very smooth surface film of c-axis oriented Y B a z C w G (YBCO) with roughness of less than monomolecular layer over lOpmxlO~rn, free of precipitates, has been obtained by atomic layer-by-layer metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) on a SrTi03 substrate at 650°C. A very large terrace length of 0.3-0.5pm may be due to the enhanced migration of growing species on the surface. The resu...

We construct a nonsparse transfer matrix (T-matrix) for a lattice gas model of monomers adsorbed on planar and nanotube surfaces of arbitrary geometry. The model can accommodate any number of higher-order pairwise adsorbate-adsorbate interactions. The technique is sufficiently general for application to nonequivalent adsorption sites and coadsorption of two or more monomer species. The T-matric...