Annual length increments of female North Sea plaice were back-calculated from distances between rings in otoliths. Growth of the smaller size classes (<25 cm) increased from the mid-1950s and decreased in the 1980s. Length increments of intermediate size classes varied more or less randomly, and those of the larger size classes (>35 cm) increased from 1970. Growth changes of the smaller size cl...

A research report from the Swedish Environmental Advisory Council, titled A Strategy for Ending Eutrophication of Seas and Coasts, argues that the Baltic Sea is facing an ecological flip, associated with changes characterized by excessive algal bloom and a fishing industry in crisis (MVB 2005). Eutrophication may be the most severe of the consequences faced by the Baltic Sea. According to HELCO...

A good quantitative understanding of phosphorus (P) delivery is essential in the design of management strategies to prevent eutrophication of terrestrial freshwaters. Most research to date has focussed on surface and near-surface hydrological pathways, under the common assumption that little P leaches to groundwater. Here we present an analysis of national patterns of groundwater phosphate conc...

To monitor the stage in turbid reservoirs with a sloping bank, it has been proposed to install a near-infrared Lidar on the bank and to orient it so that it points at the water surface with a large incidence angle (between ≈ 30◦ and 70◦). The technique assumes that the Lidar can detect suspended particles that are slightly below the water surface. Some laboratory results and the first long-term...

This is a long-term study (1993-1998) on the effects of increasing eutrophication on the crustacean zooplankton structure in a eutrophic reservoir. The study first demonstrates that the eutrophication increase verified is a phenomenon well described by a single abiotic variable: total phosphorus. During the study period, zooplankton suffered extensive qualitative and quantitative changes. Signi...

1. In discussions on how to develop a scientifically robust assessment of the eutrophication status expected after implementation of agreed measures, ETG 2003 concluded that OSPAR Contracting Parties currently lacked the necessary tools to develop an assessment that would go beyond the assessment already agreed and published by OSPAR 2001. In the JAMP, a further assessment of the expected eutro...

Europe is currently transitioning to digital terrestrial television and is aimed to replace all analog infrastructures by 2012. Besides replacing all broadcasting networks in Europe, the transition requires updating household televisions and antennas. As with any major change, public administrations must keep citizens informed and provide support, especially when dealing with a communication me...

Digital television (DTV) provides pedagogical and technological advantages to education. DTV is presented as a novelty for the audience and involves the convergence of education, telecommunications, and internet in a unique environment. This technology will allow for the development of interactive educational platforms known as t-learning platforms. Currently, there are relatively few models wh...

concept argue that from 9 to 23 percent of the cellular metabolic energy is required for the operation of the sodium pump (3). The question is, then, whether the cell can provide the energy necessary to pump potassium, calcium, magnesium, sugars, and amino acids if it takes 10 percent of the energy to run only one pump? Recently, some alternative hypotheses, often referred to, in general, as th...

Terrestrial orchids represent a wide diversity of species that are characterised by an equally diverse range of life history attributes. Threatened and endangered species of terrestrial orchids have been identif ed on all continents where they occur and conservation plans have been developed for some species. Even though there is a considerable amount of information on the ecology of terrestria...