this study aimed to investigate the washback effect of three alternative assessment procedures, namely oral-conferences, portfolios, and corpora-based feedback on the writing achievement and attitudes of iranian efl university learners. the participants taking part in the study were 156 native iranian students in a mixed reading-writing course. through the two three-month semesters, the learner...

This study was intended to examine the washback of General Secondary School English Exam on students’ practice. The conducted at three secondary schools in Debre Markos Town. 270 Grades 9 and 10 students were included. Questionnaire, focus group discussion (FGD), exam paper analysis classroom observation employed. questionnaire data analysed with mean per cent multiple regression analysis. Wher...