The  present  meta-analysis  was  conducted  to  provide  a  quantitative  measure  of  the overall effects of task complexity on Chinese EFL learners’ language  production.  Based  on  the strict inclusion criteria, 12 primary  studies  were synthesized according to key  features.  Eleven of them  were  meta-analyzed  to  investigate  effects  of  raising  the  resource-directing  task  comple...

Studies in cognitive linguistics have highlighted the importance of metaphors for language teaching. Metaphoric competence, as an important aspect of intelligence, can contribute to the learning of languages. Most textbooks in ESL/EFL avoid the issue of figurative language and concentrate only on the denotative aspects of language. This article reports a study conducted at the Islamic Azad Univ...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Cognition, neurotransmission, and membrane phospholipids in schizophrenia 3.1. Memory impairment in schizophrenia 3.1.1. Systems of memory 3.1.2. Memory deficits in schizophrenia patients 3.1.2.1. Verbal declarative memory 3.1.2.2. Semantic memory 3.1.3. Memory deficits in nonaffected family members of patients 3.2. Association between cognition and neurochemistry...

the present meta-analysis was conducted to provide a quantitative measure of the overall effects of task complexity on chinese efl learners’ language production. based on the strict inclusion criteria, 12 primary studies were synthesized according to key features. eleven of them were meta-analyzed to investigate effects of raising the resource-directing task complexity. results revealed that ...

objective: depression and anxiety literature in iran is short of cultural/indigenous studies, especially with regard to azeri ethnic group. this study was carried out in order to identify depression and anxiety aspects in azeri ethnic group. methods: in a cross sectional qualitative design, 32 azeri informants (14 patients, 13 lay people, and 5 professionals) recruited in the study using purpos...

The thesis of embodied cognition has developed as an alternative to the view that cognition is mediated, at least in part, by symbolic representations. A useful testing ground for the embodied cognition hypothesis is the representation of concepts. An embodied view of concept representation argues that concepts are represented in a modality-specific format. I argue that questions about represen...

Affective decision-making (ADM) is a refutable and predictive theory of individual choice under risk and uncertainty. It generalizes expected utility theory by positing the existence of two cognitive processes – the “rational” and the “emotional” process. Observed choice is the result of their simultaneous interaction. We present a model of affective choice in insurance markets, where risk perc...

A number of recent papers have studied the environmental and genetic sources of individual di¤erences in economic and …nancial decision-making. Here we contribute to this burgeoning literature by extending it to a number of key behavioral biases that are thought to be of importance for consumption, saving and portfolio selection decisions. Using survey-based evidence from more than 11,000 Swedi...

Situated public displays are intended to convey important information to a large and heterogeneous population. Because of the heterogeneity of the population, they may risk providing a lot of irrelevant information. Many such important information items presented on public displays are actionables, items that are intended to trigger specific actions. The expected utility that such actionables h...