In this commentary, I explore two questions raised by Angelotta and Appelbaum's study. First, I offer an English legal perspective on the protection of children from their mothers, looking at both civil (family) and criminal law. Second, I discuss the idealization of motherhood that is implied by the prosecution of pregnant women; the denigration of those who fail this ideal; and the way that i...

Recent research has tried to calculate the “total cost of publication” in the British academic sector, bringing together the costs of journal subscriptions, the article processing charges (APCs) paid to publish open-access content, and the indirect costs of handling open-access mandates. This study adds an estimate for the other publication charges (predominantly page and colour charges) curren...

This Trends and Issues is the first in a series that will focus specifically on women's issues in crime and criminal justice. The topic of premenstrual tension is a fitting, if controversial one with which to begin the series. It lacks credibility as a syndrome in certain sections of the community, and feminists fear that its use in the courts will revive biological deterministic theories of ma...

because of a crime crisis in societies through 80’s, stabilization incriminality noticed by criminologists. a dynamic fact and stable processwhich in it, in lack of management in criminal justice, juveniles andimmature earlier criminals, might be in danger and as a result, today’spotential stabilizer criminals are tomorrow’s chronic stabilized ones.beside other ecological, mental and social cri...

The age of criminal responsibility of children in the Islamic Penalties Act has been determined as religious Bulugh (puberty) Nasab. According to this, criminal authorities hold girls criminally liable and punishable at 9 complete lunar years and boys at 15 complete lunar years. Unfortunately, our legislator has set criminal responsibility of children based on sexual maturity; therefore, thousa...

Crime Prevention Studies will publish theoretical and empirical research on the subject of reducing opportunities for crime. Until recently, this topic was of relatively minor importance in criminology because opportunity was thought to determine, not whether crime occurred, but only the time and place of its occurrence. It followed that manipulating opportunities would result not in reduced cr...

This paper proposes an identification framework of the possible criminal offences charges based on textual criminal cases of the Civil Law system. The framework is constructed as the model, devised as a multi-stage based on the defined charges structure in criminal law codes. The first stage is to modularly identify type of action which is designed based on the offences charges abstractly categ...

Various authors debate the question of whether neuroscience is relevant to criminal responsibility. However, a plethora of different techniques and technologies, each with their own abilities and drawbacks, lurks beneath the label ‘‘neuroscience’’; and in criminal law responsibility is not a single, unitary and generic concept, but it is rather a syndrome of at least six different concepts. Con...