Background: One of the goals of criminal policymakers in applying criminal responses is to rehabilitate the offender to avoid repeating his crime. Postponement of sentencing is an institution that can achieve their goals in reforming criminals, and has entered into the Iranian penal system under some French law. The main purpose of this article is to explain the institution of deferral in Irani...

background: the control of spread of hiv takes concerted efforts at both national and international levels. education is an important component of preventing the spread of hiv. this study aimed to assess the attitudes of parents, teachers and students towards informing children about hiv/aids, attitudes concerning 'proper' age to learn about hiv/aids, possible differences in attitudes relating ...

The development of nitrogen footprint tools has allowed a range of entities to calculate and reduce their contribution to nitrogen pollution, but these tools represent just one aspect of environmental pollution. For example, institutions have been calculating their carbon footprints to track and manage their greenhouse gas emissions for over a decade. This article introduces an integrated tool ...

In this paper we present a first approach to the formalization of Carrel, a virtual organization for the procurement of organs and tissues for transplantation purposes, in order to model the allocation processes of organs and tissues in a integrated way. We show how it can be formalized with the ISLANDER formalism. Also we present a first mechanism to federate the institution in several geograp...

Web-based learning tools provide integrated environments of various technologies to support diverse educators’ and learners’ needs via the Internet. An open source Moodle e-learning platform has been implemented at universities in Egypt as an aid to deliver e-content and to provide the institution with various possibilities for implementing asynchronous e-learning web-based modules. This paper ...

Since the invention of the integrated circuit technologies, there has been an unprecedented growth of the electronic industry, with significant impact on the maritime industry. In the last twenty years and so, the strongest growth area of the electronic industry has been in CMOS VLSI technology. The sustained growth in CMOS VLSI technology is fueled by a continued shrinking of transistors to ev...

Currently there is a problem with information management at many major post secondary institutions. Information was historically acquired, stored and maintained in silos such as Human Resources, Materials Management, Departments or Faculties, Information Technologies centers, Administration units etc. With the arrival of Enterprise Solutions such as People Soft® or SAP®, situations improved bec...

abstract in zoroastrian law, there are several indications that denote to the temporary marriage as a legal institution and this can be compared to one law in imami jurisprudence. sunni and imami jurists differ on the continued legitimacy of the temporary marriage which the former believes it to be continued. temporary marriage is legitimate in the opinion of imami jurists and it has certain co...

The problem of supporting scientific and educational institutions is considered. A method selective financing that create innovative technologies taking into account their investment in developments proposed. On the basis statistical data on indicators for assessing activities indicator potential a institution from production innovations (PNn), rating was calculated. essence PNn to compare volu...

In this paper we present a system that automatically generates a 3D virtual world from a virtual institution (VI) specification, namely of activities that will take place in the virtual world. A virtual institution is an interaction environment where both human and software agents participate in a joint 3D virtual world. A VI is visualized as a 3D building composed of rooms representing the dif...