When animals are traded in lucrative international luxury markets, individuals really do matter to conservation. Identifying the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that make some species especially vulnerable to this kind of threat helps set guidelines for more effective conservation.

We propose that failures of the axiom of choice, that is, surjective functions admitting no sections, can be reasonably classified by means of invariants borrowed from algebraic topology. We show that cohomology, when defined so that its usual exactness properties hold even in the absence of the axiom of choice, is adequate for detecting failures of this axiom in the following sense. If a set X...

A logical physical ontology is code theory, wherein reality is neither deterministic nor random. In light of Conway and Kochen’s free will theorem [1] and strong free will theorem [2], we discuss the plausibility of a third axiomatic option geometric language; the code theoretic axiom. We suggest freewill choices at the syntactically free steps of a geometric language of spacetime form the code...

This paper investigates the univalence axiom in intensional Martin-Löf type theory. In particular, it looks at how univalence can be derived from simpler axioms. We first present some existing work, collected together from various published and unpublished sources; we then we present a new decomposition of the univalence axiom into simpler axioms. We argue that these axioms are easier to verify...

We present a model of type theory with dependent product, sum, and identity, in cubical sets. We describe a universe and explain how to transform an equivalence between two types into an equality. We also explain how to model propositional truncation and the circle. While not expressed internally in type theory, the model is expressed in a constructive metalogic. Thus it is a step towards a com...

This paper studied the comprehensive evaluation index of sensory luxury of Sound Quality in Vehicle interior noise. The relationship between it and psychoacoustic parameters under different conditions was studied. Four types of vehicle real-time noises were recorded at several running speeds and later were subjectively evaluated in the testing room by semantic subdivided method. According to th...

The 2008 recession reportedly led to the demise of conspicuous consumption with wealthy consumers abandoning luxury goods that prominently display their brands for more subdued designs. Utilizing data collected before and in the midst of the recession from designer handbag manufacturers, Louis Vuitton and Gucci, we find products introduced during the recession actually display the brand far mor...

The Proper Forcing Axiom is a powerful extension of the Baire Category Theorem which has proved highly effective in settling mathematical statements which are independent of ZFC. In contrast to the Continuum Hypothesis, it eliminates a large number of the pathological constructions which can be carried out using additional axioms of set theory. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000). Primary...