Most scenarios for the formation of the Moon place the Moon near Earth in low-eccentricity orbit in the equatorial plane of Earth. We examine the dynamical evolution of the Earth-Moon system from such initial conÐgurations. We Ðnd that during the early evolution of the system, strong orbital resonances are encountered. Passage through these resonances can excite large lunar orbital eccentricity...

It was the great geochemist Harold Urey who first called attention to peculiar conditions at the poles of the Moon. In his book The Planets: Their Origin and Development, Urey (1952) noted that the spin axis of the Moon was inclined only 1.5 degrees from the normal to the plane of the Moon’s path around the Sun. The consequence of this geometry is that topographic depressions near the poles, wh...

The Apollo-derived tenet of an anhydrous Moon has been contested following measurement of water in several lunar samples that require water to be present in the lunar interior. However, significant uncertainties exist regarding the flux, sources and timing of water delivery to the Moon. Here we address those fundamental issues by constraining the mass of water accreted to the Moon and modelling...

A common origin for the Moon and Earth is required by their identical isotopic composition. However, simulations of the current giant impact hypothesis for Moon formation find that most lunar material originated from the impactor, which should have had a different isotopic signature. Previous Moon-formation studies assumed that the angular momentum after the impact was similar to that of the pr...

one of the sacred water tank brahmsarovar, at kurukshetra in india was studied to assess the impact of mass bathing during new moon day (called as amavasya in india) in terms of physico-chemical and biological characteristics. overall water quality index was calculated using online calculator. results have revealed significant (p