Droughts in the Southern Great Plains (SGP) have been attributed to the cold phase of El Niño–Southern Oscillation or La Niña. While La Niña events have been clearly linked to winter droughts, their link to summer droughts has remained unclear. We analyze the difference in precipitation between dry and nondry summers over the SGP during La Niña years. Anomalously high geopotential height and su...

The influence of Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies on the atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic sector during winter is investigated by performing experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM). These consist of a 30-year run with observed SST anomalies for the period 1961–90 confined geographically to the Atlantic Ocean, and of a control run with clima...

A nonlinear projection of the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) onto the Northern Hemisphere winter sea level pressure (SLP) anomalies by neural networks (NN) was performed to investigate the nonlinear association between ENSO and the Euro-Atlantic winter climate. While the linear impact of ENSO on the Euro-Atlantic winter SLP is weak, the NN projection reveals statistic...

As a major CO2 sink, the North Atlantic, especially its subpolar gyre region, is essential for the global carbon cycle. Decadal fluctuations of CO2 uptake in the North Atlantic subpolar gyre region are associated with the evolution of the North Atlantic Oscillation, the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, ocean mixing and sea surface temperature anomalies. While variations in the physi...

Freshwater ecosystems have been repeatedly shown to respond significantly to large-scale climatic fluctuations [e.g., Strub et al., 1985; Firth and Fisher, 1992; George and Taylor, 1995; Anderson et al., 1996; Schindler, 1997]. Because human demand for high-quality fresh water is continually increasing, the practical relevance of such responses for the large-scale management of inland waters is...

The aim of this article was to investigate the effect macroscale circulation types on total cloud cover in Poznań-Ławica (western Poland) years 1951–2015. analysis preceded by characteristics long-term, annual, and seasonal changes genera (data regarding observations covered period 1971–2015). six (Arctic oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation, East Atlantic, Atlantic/West Russian, Scandinavia...

The climatic mechanisms driving the shift from the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) to the Little Ice Age (LIA) in the North Atlantic region are debated. We use cosmogenic beryllium-10 dating to develop a moraine chronology with century-scale resolution over the last millennium and show that alpine glaciers in Baffin Island and western Greenland were at or near their maximum LIA configurations during...