the reader as one of the three angles of literary criticism triangle besides its two other angles i.e. the writer and literary work is considered as one of the effective factors in studying a  literary work in critical circles. some critics call him consumer on the one hand and producer on the other hand because of his interpretations and perceptions. accordingly, literary works are divided int...

ters to move through several stages in order to reach a similar level of understanding as sponsors. Both differences in characteristics and differences in stage of the diffusion process explain the existence of a sponsoradopter gap. Sponsors tend to be innovators who, in addition, are at an advanced stage in their understanding of the systems; adopters can be anything from innovators to laggard...

U.S. plan sponsors managing over $13 trillion rely on investment consultants for advice about which funds to invest in. Using survey data, we analyze what drives consultants’ recommendations of institutional funds, what impact these recommendations have on flows, and how much value they add to plan sponsors. We examine the aggregate recommendations of consultants with a share of over 90% of the...

We examine the selection and termination of investment management firms by plan sponsors (public and corporate pension plans, unions, foundations, and endowments). We build a unique dataset that comprises hiring and firing decisions by approximately 3,700 plan sponsors over a 10-year period from 1994 to 2003. Our data represent the allocation of over $737 billion in mandates to hired investment...

OBJECTIVE To determine parents' and children's attitudes towards food, beverage and alcohol sponsorship of elite and children's sports and the acceptability of policies and alternative funding models to limit this sponsorship. DESIGN Telephone surveys were conducted with parents in February-May 2011. One child from each household was invited to complete an online survey. Surveys assessed pare...