Introduction: Rocks and soils are mostly an intimate mixture of component minerals. Photons of light falling onto such a target are multiply scattered and in the process interact with more than one type of mineral. The reflected photons received at the detector therefore carry information from multiple components present in the mixture, with individual components contributing to the reflected p...

Phonetics attempts to describe and understand how speech is produced and perceived; phonology attempts to understand the patterning—in general, the behavior—of speech sounds in particular languages and in all languages. Is phonetics part of phonology? This straightforward question has received various answers at different points in the history of linguistics. In this paper I attempt to document...

Evaluation of Sediment yield in watershed scale is considered so important for implementation of soil conservation, watershed management, environment, dam construction and water resource management. Using empirical model is one of the approaches of evaluating Sediment yield. This research in Kasilian watershed evaluates Sediment yield by using Geomorphology method and EPM model with Arc View GI...

introduction: soil erosion by water is one of the most important processes of land degradation, especially in semi-arid areas. among different types of the soil erosion, gully erosion accounts as one of the most critical processes which can cause soil destruction, changes in landscape and water resources filling of reservoir of dams,decrease in water transport capacity of rivers and agricultura...