Having good mentors during the graduate student years and in the early-career professional experience provides a major stimulus to a productive life as a scholar and teacher. Our international university doctoral and postdoctoral programs are at their best when they fully integrate research, educational, and teaching opportunities so that intellectual development and scholarship go hand-in-hand...

The article presents a historical and philosophical study of the main ideas American thinker Puritan era, John Cotton (1585–1652). renowned worked as priest both in England colonies. He was known an outstanding theologian philosopher Massachusetts Bay Colony. future received his education at Trinity College Emmanuel Cambridge. His reputation associated with ability to preach knowledge theology,...

plato in theory of philosopher-king believes that all of the members of ideal city-state, whether ruler or citizens, will attain happiness if the philosopher is the ruler. but there are paradoxes in the theory and the bases of the happiness are unstable too. in other words, plato in his theory presents hierarchical dualities (intelligible/visible world, episteme/ doxa,true/ untrue or shadow, …)...

Abbey of St. Victor in Paris. Probably a student of William of Champeaux, he became a leading master in the abbey's school. His writings encompass a wide range of commentaries, treatises, and mystical works. The two most important are De sacramentis christianae fidei, the first theological summa, and Didascalicon, which proposed an influential framework for scientific inquiry and biblical inter...

this article is an attempt to show that how the meanings of the words “philosophy” and “philosopher” change in plato’s phaedo in comparison with his early socratic dialogues. the phaedo is plato’s interpretation of socrates’ life, philosophy and death, in light of orphic and pythagorean eschatological doctrines. in this interpretation, plato reveals his problem of epistemological pessimism and ...