The molar absorptivity curves of the mono and bis nickel(II) complexes of 2,2'-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline have been deduced from the composite absorbance data of a series of equilibrium solutions in methanol using equilibrium-restricted factor analysis, a technique for extracting spectral and thermodynamic information for component species involved in solution equilibria. The solutions ...

In this letter we show that the approach of Carathéodory to thermodynamics by means of Pfaffian forms can be applied to black hole thermodynamics and strongly links black hole thermodynamics to the standard thermodynamic formalism. The Pfaffian form δQrev ≡ dM − Ω dJ − Φ dQ, which is assumed to be the infinitesimal heat exchanged reversibly, is shown to be integrable; moreover, we show that it ...

the thermodynamic properties of fluids can be predicted using the global equations of state. among these thermodynamic properties of fluids, we choose the densities of the liquid and vapor phases. this paper considers the application of the crossover model to the vapor-liquid rectilinear diameter of sulfurhexafluoride. we also present a comparison of the crossover model equation with the experi...

Clothing insulation is an important factor in the thermal comfort research, and thus accurate clothing model much required. This study develops a new model, which takes into account sex difference for dress. Its accuracy was verified experimentally, established thermodynamic useful to predict occupants? behavior evaluate comfort.

Bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic (BHJ-OPV) technology promises high efficiency at ultralow cost and weight, with potential for nontraditional applications such as building-integrated photovoltaic (PV). There is a widespread presumption that the complexity of morphology makes carrier transport in OPV irreducibly complicated and, possibly, beyond predictive modeling. However, understandin...

the thermodynamic of the known and very effective catalytic system, hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) and methyltrioxorhenium (mto) is studied in different solvents using uv-visible spectroscopic method. the thermodynamic parameters (δg, δh and δs) for two equilibrium reactions, mto + h2o2 ⇌ a + h2o and a + h2o2 ⇌ b.h2o (a, [mere(o)2(o2)]; b.h2o, [mere(oh2)(o)(o2)2]), are determined. the obtained free e...

The quantitative concepts used to reason about gene regulation largely derive from bacterial studies. We show that this bacterial paradigm cannot explain the sharp expression of a canonical developmental gene in response to a regulating transcription factor (TF). In the absence of energy expenditure, with regulatory DNA at thermodynamic equilibrium, information integration across multiple TF bi...

The analytic interatomic pair potential for simple metals is derived from first principles using second order pseudopotential theory by Pettifor and Ward . It is developed using the Heine-Abarenkov pseudopotential for simple metals and applied to the calculations of the structural and thermodynamic properties of liquid metals. The corresponding liquid metal structure is calculated using the ran...

2 Thermodynamics 4 2.1 The Foundations of Thermodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2 Thermodynamic Equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.3 The Conditions for Equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.4 The Equations of State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.5 Thermodynamic Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.6 Ther...

A new method of successive construction of a solution is developed for problems of strongly nonequilibrium Boltzmann kinetics beyond normal solutions. Firstly, the method provides dynamic equations for any manifold of distributions where one looks for an approximate solution. Secondly, it gives a successive procedure of obtaining corrections to these approximations. The method requires neither ...