We present a simple statistical thermodynamic model for budding of viral nucleocapsids at the cell membrane. The membrane is modeled as a flexible lipid bilayer embedding linker (spike) proteins, which serve to anchor and thus wrap the membrane around the viral capsids. The free energy of a single bud is expressed as a sum of the bending energy of its membrane coat, the spike-mediated capsid-me...

finding a representative fluid in a hydrocarbon reservoir is crucial for integrated reservoir management. in this study, a systematic approach for screening and selecting consistent fluid samples in a reservoir was developed. the model integrated quality control (qc) of well conditioning before sampling, qc of pvt data, thermodynamic modeling and compositional gradient within a reservoir. well ...

A great many observables seen in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions can be explained on the basis of statistical equilibrium. Calculations based on statistical equilibrium can be implemented in microcanonical ensemble (energy and number of particles in the system are kept fixed), canonical ensemble (temperature and number of particles are kept fixed) or grand canonical ensemble (fixed tem...

MOTIVATION Understanding the transcriptional regulation of a gene in detail is a crucial step towards uncovering and ultimately utilizing the regulatory grammar of the genome. Modeling transcriptional regulation using thermodynamic equations has become an increasingly important approach towards this goal. Here, we present stream, the first publicly available framework for modeling, visualizing ...

Intracellular signaling often arises from ligand-induced oligomerization of cell surface receptors. This oligomerization or clustering process is fundamentally a cooperative behavior between near-neighbor receptor molecules; the properties of this cooperative process clearly affect the signal transduction. Recent investigations have revealed the molecular basis of receptor-receptor interactions...

ABSTRACTIn this work, the micro powder was the product of cedar leaf (MPCL) is used as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Pb2+ ions from aqueous solutions. Bath experiments were used to determine the best adsorption conditions The adsorption percentage of Pb2+ ions MPCL samples at different initial pH, contact time (tc), adsorbent dosage and temperature (T) were investigated. Effective rem...

We present a statistical mechanics formalism for theoretical description of the process of protein folding ↔ unfolding transition in water environment. The formalism is based on the construction of the partition function of a protein obeying two-stage-like folding kinetics. Using the statistical mechanics model of solvation of hydrophobic hydrocarbons we obtain the partition function of infinit...