Physical vapor deposition under conditions of an obliquely incident flux results in a film formation with an inclined columnar structure. These columns will be oriented toward the vapor source because of the self-shadowing effect, and they are homogenously distributed on the substrate surface because of the limited surface diffusion ability of ad-atoms when there is no additional substrate heat...

We tried to fabricate the Ge/TiO2 composite films with the differential pressure (pumping) co-sputtering (DPCS) apparatus in order to improve the optical properties. In the study, the micro structure of these thin films has been evaluated. TEM image revealed that the thin film was alternately layered with TiO2 and Ge, lattice fringes were observed both of Ge layer and TiO2 layer. There were por...

several novel composite membranes were prepared to separate and recycle amoxicillin from pharmaceutical wastewater via nanofiltration process. the synthesis of these membranes included three stages: 1- preparation of polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes as a support via phase separation process, 2- modification of its surface by interfacial polymerization as a selective layer (polyamide), and ...

Novel chitosan-zinc copper oxide (Zn1-xCuxO) composites were electrochemically synthesized through galvanostatic deposition. The prepared chitosan-based composite thin films were elaborately investigated to determine their structural, morphological, compositional, impedance, and corrosion properties. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to reveal their structural orientation of composite th...

Several models have been developed to extract the intrinsic elastic modulus of thin films from the composite film/substrate modulus value obtained from indentation tests on coated systems. Either analytical, semi-analytical or empirical, they generally propose an expression of the composite modulus as a function of the film and substrate elastic moduli and of the film thickness. When the substr...

We examined CD133 distribution in a human hepatoblastoma cell line (HuH-6 clone 5). We directly observed the cultured cells on a pressure-resistant thin film (silicon nitride thin film) in a buffer solution by using the newly developed atmospheric scanning electron microscope (ASEM), which features an open sample dish with a silicon nitride thin film window at its base, through which the scanni...

A novel method for the preparation of thin films of Ag nanoparticles is reported. Using mercaptoacetic acid as the stabilizing agent, AgI nanoparticles were prepared in aqueous solution. And based on electrostatic interactions, the thiol-passivated AgI nanoparticles were assembled in a self-assembled film by alternative deposition with a cationic polyelectrolyte. Then the AgI nanoparticles in t...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of gas flow during insufflation on peritoneal fluid and peritoneal tissue regarding transient thermal behavior and thin-film evaporation. The effects of laparoscopic gas on peritoneal cell desiccation and peritoneal fluid thin-film evaporation were analyzed. METHODS Measurment of tissue and peritoneal fluid and analysis of gas flow dynamics during laparoscopy. ...