Understanding the characteristics of cloud microphysics in precipitation is important to enable accurate rainfall estimation through space-borne radar and microwave radiometers on satellites (e.g., TRMM, GPM, and AMSR-E) (e.g., Masunaga et al. 2002). One basic need is clarification of the differences in cloud microphysical characteristics, such as the drop size distribution (DSD), in convective...

Malposition of venous cannula can cause inadequate venous drainage during cardiopulmonary bypass. It would be good clinical practice to use TEE to check the position of inferior venous cannula to avoid this problem at the earliest.

There have been significant advancements in the ability of echocardiography to provide both morphological and functional information in children with congenitally malformed hearts. This progress has come through the development of improved technology such as matrix array probes and software which allows for the off line analysis of images to a high standard. This article focuses on these develo...

Advances in catheter-based interventions in structural and congenital heart disease have mandated an increased demand for three-dimensional (3D) visualisation of complex cardiac anatomy. Despite progress in 3D imaging modalities, the pre- and periprocedural visualisation of spatial anatomy is relegated to two-dimensional flat screen representations. 3D printing is an evolving technology based o...