Dr KOULOURIS and co-workers [1] found that some patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and apparent expiratory flow-limitation during tidal breathing had increased expiratory flow during tidal breathing when negative pressure was applied to the airway. They concluded that flow could not have been limited during control tidal expirations. I thought that the shape of the flow-...

l. Oxygen consumption, ventilation frequency and tidal volume were measured simultaneously in two lizards, Varanus gouldii and Sauromalus hispidus, during rest and maximal activity. 2. Ventilation frequency and tidal volume are almost identical in these species. The greater oxygen consumption during activity of Vat-anus results from a greater oxygen extraction from ventilated air. 3. Increased ...

BACKGROUND Suboptimal bag ventilation in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has demonstrated detrimental physiological outcomes for cardiac arrest patients. In light of recent guideline changes for resuscitation, there is a need to identify the efficacy of bag ventilation by prehospital care providers. The objective of this study was to evaluate bag ventilation in relation to operator ability ...

essentials of respiratory care, 4th edition. St. Louis:Mosby Elsevier; 2005:103. 13. L’Her E, Roy A. Bench tests of simple, handy ventilators for pandemics: performance, autonomy, and ergonomy. Respir Care 2011;56(6):751-760. 14. Lyazidi A, Thille AW, Carteaux G, Galia F, Brochard L, Richard JC. Bench test evaluation of volume delivered by modern ICU ventilators during volume-controlled ventila...

BACKGROUND Preoxygenation with tidal volume breathing for 3 min is commonly used technique. An end tidal expiratory oxygen concentration greater than 90% is considerd to be adequate for preoxygenation. The aim of this study was to check the effects of preoxygenation on elderly patients through the comparison with young patients during the 3 min tidal volume breathing technique. METHODS Sixty ...

Background: Traditional approaches to mechanical ventilation use tidal volumes of 10–15 ml/kg body weight and may cause stretch-induced lung injury in patients with acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. We therefore conducted a trial to determine whether ventilation with lower tidal volumes would improve the clinical outcomes in these patients. Methods: Patients with ac...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine how tidal volumes may affect the lung and haemodynamics during mechanical ventilation. MATERIALS AND METHODS With the approval of the Ethics Committee, the study included a total of 24 healthy piglets, average weight 30 kg (range 28-33 kg). The animals were ventilated for 90 minutes under general anaesthesia with two different tidal volume stra...

BACKGROUND A study was performed to determine the elastic equilibrium volume (Vr) of the respiratory system in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS Voluntary relaxed expiration from total lung capacity (TLC) was studied in three groups of subjects: seven patients with severe chronic airways obstruction (COPD), 10 normal subjects, and 15 subjects with restrictive...