BACKGROUND In the past 30 years the rate of increase in incarceration for females who abuse substances has outpaced that of men. Women have increased health and economic disparities, and face barriers to economic mobility, increasing their risk of returning to the criminal justice system. Past research suggests that there is a positive relationship between living in Oxford House and employment ...

This paper considers the wage-setting behaviour of a monopoly union facing foreign competition. Contrary to intuition, trade integration is predicted to make union wages less sensitive to foreign wage changes if union preferences are sufficiently biased towards wages relative to employment. This is confirmed empirically using sector-level time-series on EU member states, using the existence of ...

In this paper, we first present a simple theoretical model of globalization between similar countries to motivate the empirical work that follows. Specifically, we examine the linkages between trade volumes and relative wages in a specialization model along the lines of Ethier (1982). The core of the empirical analysis involves bivariate time-series analysis. There we find some evidence of a re...

This paper builds a model of growth through industrialization, where machines replace workers in a growing number of tasks. This enables the economy to experience long-run growth, as machines become servants of humans, and as their number grows unboundedly. The mechanism that drives growth is feedback between industrialization and wages. High wages provide incentives to use machines, while indu...

This paper analyzes the dynamics of prices and wages using a limited information approach to estimation. I estimate a two-equation model for the determination of prices and wages derived from an optimization-based dynamic model in which both goods and labor markets are monopolistically competitive; prices and wages can be reoptimized only at random intervals; and, when prices and wages are not ...

Does Immigration Affect Wages? A Look at Occupation-Level Evidence Previous research has reached mixed conclusions about the effect of higher levels of immigration on the wages of natives. This paper reexamines this question using data from the Current Population Survey and the Immigration and Naturalization Service and focuses on differential effects by skill level. Using occupation as a proxy...

Productivity, Wages, and Marriage: The Case of Major League Baseball Using a sample of professional baseball players from 1871–2007, this paper aims at analyzing a longstanding empirical observation that married men earn significantly more than their single counterparts holding all else equal (the “marriage premium”). Baseball is a unique case study because it has a long history of statistics c...

College Education and Wages in the U.K.: Estimating Conditional Average Structural Functions in Nonadditive Models with Binary Endogenous Variables We propose and implement an estimator for identifiable features of correlated random coefficient models with binary endogenous variables and nonadditive errors in the outcome equation. It is suitable, e.g., for estimation of the average returns to c...