Alkaline etching of crystalline using KOH (potassium hydroxide), TMAH (tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide), or EDP (ethylenediamene pyrocatecol) is performed for creating various feature definition in MEMS (micro electrical mechanical structures, solar cells, and integrated circuit manufacturing. KOH will be discussed in this section. The alkaline chemistries have the ability to preferentially etch...

Abstract. To study sea-derived gaseous amines, ammonia, and primary particulate aminium ions in the marine atmosphere of China's marginal seas, an onboard URG-9000D Ambient Ion Monitor-Ion Chromatograph (AIM-IC, Thermo Fisher) was set up on front deck R/V Dongfanghong-3 to semi-continuously measure spatiotemporal variations concentrations atmospheric trimethylamine (TMAgas), dimethylamine (DMAg...

Herein, an analysis on the impact of laser contact opening TOPCon/SiNx stacks is presented. By etching in tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), defect distribution interfacial tunnel oxide accessed and analyzed. The density significantly increased areas where adjacent openings (LCO) overlap. Using microscopic photoluminescence (μ-PL) spectroscopy, it verified that correlates with increase local...

Fabric pilling is formed due to the entanglement of fibers during mechanical actions including abrasion, domestic washing process, and wearing cycles. Pilling resistance one important aesthetic property fabrics controlling appearance fabric quality. can be controlled by different methods; alkali treatment methods for lyocell fabric. In this study, prediction on treated has been done through a f...

The applications of lignocellulosic wastes to produce a wide variety products, including biochemicals, biomaterials, and biofuels, can be an effective solution for utilizing these valuable waste materials. In this study, the production furan building blocks from bagasse fibers was investigated by treating unbleached with NMMO, [Bmim]Cl, TMAH at different temperatures using AlCl3 CrCl2 as cataly...

Diesel soot, an important contributor to atmospheric aerosols, consists of a complex mixture of compounds. However, a very limited knowledge on the organic composition of aerosol and the water soluble fraction exists. A considerable portion of polar (oxygenated) organic compounds remained unanalysed, and additional analyses are needed to identify the polar compounds. Column fractionation of a d...